Abstract

Bipolar disorder (BD) is highly familial and characterized by deficits in reward processing. It is not known, however, whether these deficits precede illness onset or are a consequence of the disorder.To determine whether anomalous neural processing of reward characterizes children at familial risk for BD in the absence of a personal history of a psychopathologic disorder.This study compared neural activity and behaviors of children at high and low risk for mania while they anticipate and respond to reward and loss. The study was performed from September 15, 2009, through February 17, 2012, in a university functional magnetic resonance imaging facility and included 8- to 15-year-old children without disorders born to a parent with BD (n?=?20 high-risk children) and demographically matched healthy comparison children (n?=?25 low-risk children).Neural activity, as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging, during anticipation and receipt of reward and loss during a monetary incentive delay task.While anticipating losses, high-risk children had less activation in the pregenual cingulate than did their low-risk counterparts (t19?=?-2.44, P?=?.02). When receiving rewards, high-risk children had greater activation in the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex than did low-risk children (t43?=?-3.04, P?=?.004). High-risk children also had weaker functional connectivity between the pregenual cingulate and the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex while anticipating rewards than did low-risk children (t19?=?-4.38, P?

View details for DOI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.1031

View details for Web of Science ID 000342900200009