Abstract

The effect of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) on the area of cervical ectopy is not well understood.From 1996 to 1999, we recruited women not using hormonal contraception from two family planning centers in Baltimore, MD. Upon study entry and 3, 6 and 12 months after the initial visit, participants were interviewed and received visual cervical examinations with photography. Ectopy was measured from digitized photographs and was analyzed both continuously and categorically (small [=0.48 cm(2)] vs. large [>0.48 cm(2)]).Of 1003 enrolled women, 802 returned for at least one follow-up visit. At 12 months, the numbers of women using COCs, DMPA or no hormonal method at least 50% of the time since the prior visit were 230, 76 and 229, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, COC use (vs. no hormonal use) was associated with large area of ectopy (odds ratio [OR]: 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0-3.3). No significant relationship was observed between DMPA and large area of ectopy (OR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.2-1.3). The incidence of large area of ectopy by contraceptive exposure (COC, DMPA or no hormonal method) was 17.4 (CI: 11.8-24.6), 10.9 (CI: 4.4-22.4) and 4.6 (CI: 2.2-8.4) per 100 woman-years, respectively.Use of COCs, but not DMPA, was associated with large area of cervical ectopy. Area of ectopy at baseline was the strongest predictor of area of ectopy at follow-up.

View details for DOI 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.02.002

View details for Web of Science ID 000296930700013

View details for PubMedID 22018127