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Impact of HIV-1 subtype and antiretroviral therapy on protease and reverse transcriptase genotype: Results of a global collaboration PLOS MEDICINE Kantor, R., Katzenstein, D. A., Efron, B., CARVALHO, A. P., Wynhoven, B., Cane, P., Clarke, J., Sirivichayakul, S., Soares, M. A., Snoeck, J., Pillay, C., Rudich, H., Rodrigues, R., Holguin, A., Ariyoshi, K., Bouzas, M. B., Cahn, P., Sugiura, W., Soriano, V., Brigido, L. F., Grossman, Z., Morris, L., Vandamme, A. M., Tanuri, A., Phanuphak, P., WEBER, J. N., Pillay, D., Harrigan, P. R., Camacho, R., Schapiro, J. M., Shafer, R. W. 2005; 2 (4): 325-337

Abstract

The genetic differences among HIV-1 subtypes may be critical to clinical management and drug resistance surveillance as antiretroviral treatment is expanded to regions of the world where diverse non-subtype-B viruses predominate.To assess the impact of HIV-1 subtype and antiretroviral treatment on the distribution of mutations in protease and reverse transcriptase, a binomial response model using subtype and treatment as explanatory variables was used to analyze a large compiled dataset of non-subtype-B HIV-1 sequences. Non-subtype-B sequences from 3,686 persons with well characterized antiretroviral treatment histories were analyzed in comparison to subtype B sequences from 4,769 persons. The non-subtype-B sequences included 461 with subtype A, 1,185 with C, 331 with D, 245 with F, 293 with G, 513 with CRF01_AE, and 618 with CRF02_AG. Each of the 55 known subtype B drug-resistance mutations occurred in at least one non-B isolate, and 44 (80%) of these mutations were significantly associated with antiretroviral treatment in at least one non-B subtype. Conversely, of 67 mutations found to be associated with antiretroviral therapy in at least one non-B subtype, 61 were also associated with antiretroviral therapy in subtype B isolates.Global surveillance and genotypic assessment of drug resistance should focus primarily on the known subtype B drug-resistance mutations.

View details for DOI 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020112

View details for PubMedID 15839752