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Abstract
Studies evaluating reproductive outcomes among male patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are limited. We evaluated use of IBD medications and association with semen parameters, a proxy of male fertility, and adverse pregnancy outcomes [early pregnancy loss (EPL), preterm birth (PB), congenital malformations (CM)].We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science (PROSPERO CRD42020197098) from inception to April 2022 for studies reporting semen parameters and adverse pregnancy outcomes among male patients exposed to biologics, thiopurine, or methotrexate. Standardized mean difference, prevalence, and odds ratios of outcomes were pooled and analysed using a random effects model.Ten studies reporting semen parameters (268 IBD patients) and 16 studies reporting adverse pregnancy outcomes (over 25,000 IBD patients) were included. Biologic, thiopurine, or methotrexate use were not associated with decreased sperm count, motility, or abnormal morphology compared to non-exposed patients. The prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes with paternal biologic (5%), thiopurine (6%), or methotrexate (6%) exposure was comparable to non-exposed patients (5%). Biologic use was not associated with risk of EPL (OR 1.26, I2= 0%, P=0.12), PB (OR 1.10, I2= 0%, P=0.17), or CM (OR 1.03, I2=0%, P=0.69). Thiopurine use was not associated with risk of EPL (OR 1.31, I2= 19%, P=0.17), PB (OR 1.05, I2= 0%, P=0.20), or CM (OR 1.07, I2=7%, P=0.34). Methotrexate use was not associated with risk of PB (OR 1.06, I2= 0%, P=0.62) or CM (OR 1.03, I2=0%, P=0.81).Biologic, thiopurine, or methotrexate use among male patients with IBD are not associated with impairments in fertility or with increased odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Biologic therapy, congenital malformations, early pregnancy loss, father, inflammatory bowel disease, male, pregnancy outcomes, preterm birth, reproductive health.
View details for DOI 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.07.008
View details for PubMedID 35870769