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A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Multisite Study Using Omalizumab-facilitated Rapid Desensitization to Test Continued vs Discontinued Dosing in Multifood Allergic Individuals. EClinicalMedicine Andorf, S. n., Purington, N. n., Kumar, D. n., Long, A. n., O'Laughlin, K. L., Sicherer, S. n., Sampson, H. n., Cianferoni, A. n., Whitehorn, T. B., Petroni, D. n., Makhija, M. n., Robison, R. G., Lierl, M. n., Logsdon, S. n., Desai, M. n., Galli, S. J., Rael, E. n., Assa'ad, A. n., Chinthrajah, S. n., Pongracic, J. n., Spergel, J. M., Tam, J. n., Tilles, S. n., Wang, J. n., Nadeau, K. n. 2019; 7: 27–38

Abstract

As there is limited data on the sustainability of desensitization of multifood-oral immunotherapy (multifood-OIT), we conducted a multisite multifood-OIT study to compare the efficacy of successful desensitization with sustained dosing vs discontinued dosing after multifood-OIT.We enrolled 70 participants, aged 5-22?years with multiple food allergies confirmed by double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFCs). In the open-label phase of the study, all participants received omalizumab (weeks 1-16) and multi-OIT (2-5 allergens; weeks 8-30) and eligible participants (on maintenance dose of each allergen by weeks 28-29) were randomized 1:1:1 to 1?g, 300?mg, or 0?mg arms (blinded, weeks 30-36) and then tested by food challenge at week 36. Success was defined as passing 2?g food challenge to at least 2 foods in week 36.Most participants were able to reach a dose of 2?g or higher of each of 2, 3, 4, and 5 food allergens (as applicable to the participant's food allergens in OIT) in week 36 food challenges. Using an intent-to-treat analysis, we did not find evidence that a 300?mg dose was effectively different than a 1?g dose in maintaining desensitization, and both together were more effective than OIT discontinuation (0?mg dose) (85% vs 55%, P?=?0.03). Fifty-five percent of the intent-to-treat participants and 69% of per protocol participants randomized to the 0?mg arm showed no objective reactivity after 6?weeks of discontinuation. Cross-desensitization was found between cashew/pistachio and walnut/pecan when only one of the foods was part of OIT. No statistically significant safety differences were found between the three arms.These results suggest that sustained desensitization after omalizumab-facilitated multi-OIT best occurs through continued maintenance OIT dosing of either 300?mg or 1?g of each food allergen as opposed to discontinuation of multi-OIT.Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Jeff and MacKenzie Bezos, NIAID AADCRC U19AI104209.ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02626611.

View details for DOI 10.1016/j.eclinm.2018.12.006

View details for PubMedID 31193674

View details for PubMedCentralID PMC6537534