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Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines for Preventing Covid-19 Hospitalizations in the United States. medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences Tenforde, M. W., Patel, M. M., Ginde, A. A., Douin, D. J., Talbot, H. K., Casey, J. D., Mohr, N. M., Zepeski, A., Gaglani, M., McNeal, T., Ghamande, S., Shapiro, N. I., Gibbs, K. W., Files, D. C., Hager, D. N., Shehu, A., Prekker, M. E., Erickson, H. L., Exline, M. C., Gong, M. N., Mohamed, A., Henning, D. J., Steingrub, J. S., Peltan, I. D., Brown, S. M., Martin, E. T., Monto, A. S., Khan, A., Hough, C. T., Busse, L., Lohuis, C. C., Duggal, A., Wilson, J. G., Gordon, A. J., Qadir, N., Chang, S. Y., Mallow, C., Gershengorn, H. B., Babcock, H. M., Kwon, J. H., Halasa, N., Chappell, J. D., Lauring, A. S., Grijalva, C. G., Rice, T. W., Jones, I. D., Stubblefield, W. B., Baughman, A., Womack, K. N., Lindsell, C. J., Hart, K. W., Zhu, Y., Olson, S. M., Stephenson, M., Schrag, S. J., Kobayashi, M., Verani, J. R., Self, W. H. 2021

Abstract

As SARS-CoV-2 vaccination coverage increases in the United States (US), there is a need to understand the real-world effectiveness against severe Covid-19 and among people at increased risk for poor outcomes.In a multicenter case-control analysis of US adults hospitalized March 11 - May 5, 2021, we evaluated vaccine effectiveness to prevent Covid-19 hospitalizations by comparing odds of prior vaccination with an mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) between cases hospitalized with Covid-19 and hospital-based controls who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2.Among 1210 participants, median age was 58 years, 22.8% were Black, 13.8% were Hispanic, and 20.6% had immunosuppression. SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 was most common variant (59.7% of sequenced viruses). Full vaccination (receipt of two vaccine doses =14 days before illness onset) had been received by 45/590 (7.6%) cases and 215/620 (34.7%) controls. Overall vaccine effectiveness was 86.9% (95% CI: 80.4 to 91.2%). Vaccine effectiveness was similar for Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines, and highest in adults aged 18-49 years (97.3%; 95% CI: 78.9 to 99.7%). Among 45 patients with vaccine-breakthrough Covid hospitalizations, 44 (97.8%) were =50 years old and 20 (44.4%) had immunosuppression. Vaccine effectiveness was lower among patients with immunosuppression (59.2%; 95% CI: 11.9 to 81.1%) than without immunosuppression (91.3%; 95% CI: 85.5 to 94.7%).During March-May 2021, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines were highly effective for preventing Covid-19 hospitalizations among US adults. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was beneficial for patients with immunosuppression, but effectiveness was lower in the immunosuppressed population.

View details for DOI 10.1101/2021.07.08.21259776

View details for PubMedID 34268515

View details for PubMedCentralID PMC8282104