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Acute kidney injury in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Journal for immunotherapy of cancer Gupta, S., Short, S. A., Sise, M. E., Prosek, J. M., Madhavan, S. M., Soler, M. J., Ostermann, M., Herrmann, S. M., Abudayyeh, A., Anand, S., Glezerman, I., Motwani, S. S., Murakami, N., Wanchoo, R., Ortiz-Melo, D. I., Rashidi, A., Sprangers, B., Aggarwal, V., Malik, A. B., Loew, S., Carlos, C. A., Chang, W., Beckerman, P., Mithani, Z., Shah, C. V., Renaghan, A. D., Seigneux, S. D., Campedel, L., Kitchlu, A., Shin, D. S., Rangarajan, S., Deshpande, P., Coppock, G., Eijgelsheim, M., Seethapathy, H., Lee, M. D., Strohbehn, I. A., Owen, D. H., Husain, M., Garcia-Carro, C., Bermejo, S., Lumlertgul, N., Seylanova, N., Flanders, L., Isik, B., Mamlouk, O., Lin, J. S., Garcia, P., Kaghazchi, A., Khanin, Y., Kansal, S. K., Wauters, E., Chandra, S., Schmidt-Ott, K. M., Hsu, R. K., Tio, M. C., Sarvode Mothi, S., Singh, H., Schrag, D., Jhaveri, K. D., Reynolds, K. L., Cortazar, F. B., Leaf, D. E., ICPi-AKI Consortium 2021; 9 (10)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated acute kidney injury (ICPi-AKI) has emerged as an important toxicity among patients with cancer.METHODS: We collected data on 429 patients with ICPi-AKI and 429 control patients who received ICPis contemporaneously but who did not develop ICPi-AKI from 30 sites in 10 countries. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of ICPi-AKI and its recovery. A multivariable Cox model was used to estimate the effect of ICPi rechallenge versus no rechallenge on survival following ICPi-AKI.RESULTS: ICPi-AKI occurred at a median of 16 weeks (IQR 8-32) following ICPi initiation. Lower baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, and extrarenal immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were each associated with a higher risk of ICPi-AKI. Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis was the most common lesion on kidney biopsy (125/151 biopsied patients [82.7%]). Renal recovery occurred in 276 patients (64.3%) at a median of 7 weeks (IQR 3-10) following ICPi-AKI. Treatment with corticosteroids within 14 days following ICPi-AKI diagnosis was associated with higher odds of renal recovery (adjusted OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.58 to 4.41). Among patients treated with corticosteroids, early initiation of corticosteroids (within 3 days of ICPi-AKI) was associated with a higher odds of renal recovery compared with later initiation (more than 3 days following ICPi-AKI) (adjusted OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.16 to 3.79). Of 121 patients rechallenged, 20 (16.5%) developed recurrent ICPi-AKI. There was no difference in survival among patients rechallenged versus those not rechallenged following ICPi-AKI.CONCLUSIONS: Patients who developed ICPi-AKI were more likely to have impaired renal function at baseline, use a PPI, and have extrarenal irAEs. Two-thirds of patients had renal recovery following ICPi-AKI. Treatment with corticosteroids was associated with improved renal recovery.

View details for DOI 10.1136/jitc-2021-003467

View details for PubMedID 34625513