Growth Kinetics and Progression Rate of Bosniak Classification, Version 2019 III and IV Cystic Renal Masses on Imaging Surveillance. AJR. American journal of roentgenology Tse, J. R., Shen, L., Shen, J., Yoon, L., Chung, B. I., Kamaya, A. 2022

Abstract

Background: Active surveillance is increasingly used as first-line management for localized renal masses. Triggers for intervention primarily reflect growth kinetics, which are poorly investigated for cystic masses defined by Bosniak classification version 2019 (v2019). Objective: To determine growth kinetics and incidence rates of progression of class III and IV cystic renal masses, as defined by Bosniak classification v2019. Methods: This retrospective study included 105 patients (68 men, 37 women; median age, 67 years) with 112 Bosniak v2019 class III or IV cystic renal masses on baseline renal-mass protocol CT or MRI examinations from January 2005 to September 2021. Mass dimensions were measured. Progression was defined as any of: linear growth rate (LGR) =5 mm per year (representing clinical guideline threshold for intervention), volume doubling time <1 year, T category increase, or N1 or M1 disease. Class III and IV masses were compared. Time-to-progression was estimated using Kaplan-Meier curve analysis. Results: At baseline, 58 masses were class III and 54 were class IV. Median follow-up was 406 days. Median LGR was for class III masses 0.0 mm per year [interquartile range (IQR) -1.3 to 1.8] and for class IV masses 2.3 mm per year (IQR 0.0¬¬-5.7) (p<.001). LGR exceeded 5 mm per year in 4 (7%) class 3 masses and 15 (28%) class IV masses (p=.005). Two patients, both with class IV masses, developed distant metastases. Incidence rate of progression was for class III masses 11.0 (95% CI 4.5-22.8) and for class IV masses 73.6 (95% CI 47.8-108.7) per 100,000 person-days of follow-up. Median time-to-progression was undefined for class III mases given small number of progression events and 710 days for class IV masses. Hazard ratio of progression for class IV relative to class III masses was 5.1 (95% CI 2.5-10.8) (p<.001). Conclusion: During active surveillance of cystic masses evaluated using Bosniak classification v2019, class IV masses grew faster and were more likely to progress than class III masses. Clinical Impact: In comparison with current active surveillance guidelines that treat class III and IV masses similarly, future iterations may incorporate relatively more intensive surveillance for class IV masses.

View details for DOI 10.2214/AJR.22.27400

View details for PubMedID 35293234