Abstract

BACKGROUND: Kidney stone disease is common and can lead to complications such as acute kidney injury, urinary tract obstruction, and urosepsis. In kidney transplant recipients, complications from kidney stone events can also lead to rejection and allograft failure. There is limited information on the incidence of kidney stone events in transplant recipients.METHODS: We identified 83,535 patients from the United States Renal Data System who received their first kidney transplant between January 1st, 2007 and December 31st, 2018. We examined the incidence of kidney stone events and identified risk factors associated with a kidney stone event in the first 3 years after transplantation.RESULTS: We found 1,436 (1.7%) patients who were diagnosed with a kidney stone in the 3 years following kidney transplant. The unadjusted incidence rate for a kidney stone event was 7.8 per 1000 person-years. The median time from transplant to a kidney stone diagnosis was 0.61 (25%,75% range 0.19-1.46) years. Patients with a prior history of kidney stones were at greatest risk for a kidney stone event after transplant (HR 4.65; 95% CI, 3.82-5.65). Other notable risk factors included a diagnosis of gout (HR 1.53; 95% CI, 1.31-1.80), hypertension (HR 1.29; 95% CI, 1.00-1.66), and a dialysis of vintage of > 9 years (HR 1.48; 95% CI, 1.18-1.86; ref vintage < 2.5 years).CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 2% of kidney transplant recipients were diagnosed with a kidney stone in the 3 years following kidney transplant. Risk factors for a kidney stone event include a prior history of kidney stones and longer dialysis vintage.

View details for DOI 10.2215/CJN.0000000000000176

View details for PubMedID 37071657