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Disrupted memory T cell expansion in HIV-exposed uninfected infants is preceded by premature skewing of T cell receptor clonality. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology Dzanibe, S., Wilk, A. J., Canny, S., Ranganath, T., Alinde, B., Rubelt, F., Huang, H., Davis, M. M., Holmes, S., Jaspan, H. B., Blish, C. A., Gray, C. M. 2023

Abstract

While preventing vertical HIV transmission has been very successful, the increasing number of HIV-exposed uninfected infants (iHEU) experience an elevated risk to infections compared to HIV-unexposed and uninfected infants (iHUU). Immune developmental differences between iHEU and iHUU remains poorly understood and here we present a longitudinal multimodal analysis of infant immune ontogeny that highlights the impact of HIV/ARV exposure. Using mass cytometry, we show alterations and differences in the emergence of NK cell populations and T cell memory differentiation between iHEU and iHUU. Specific NK cells observed at birth were also predictive of acellular pertussis and rotavirus vaccine-induced IgG and IgA responses, respectively, at 3 and 9 months of life. T cell receptor Vß clonotypic diversity was significantly and persistently lower in iHEU preceding the expansion of T cell memory. Our findings show that HIV/ARV exposure disrupts innate and adaptive immunity from birth which may underlie relative vulnerability to infections.

View details for DOI 10.1101/2023.05.19.540713

View details for PubMedID 37292866

View details for PubMedCentralID PMC10245741