In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
In vitro fertilization (IVF) with or without ICSI (intra cytoplasmic sperm injection) have been used for the treatment of male infertility. As is the case with artificial insemination, IVF and similar techniques offer the opportunity to prepare sperm in vitro, so that oocytes are exposed to an optimal concentration of high quality, motile sperm.