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Biography
Nolan Williams, M.D. is an Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University and Director of the Stanford Brain Stimulation Lab. The long-term goals of his research program are to develop innovative technologies and therapeutics capable of modulating the neural circuitry disrupted in mood disorders, OCD, and other neuropsychiatric conditions. His team has been developing neuroimaging-based approaches to precisely target therapeutic delivery and predict treatment responses to therapeutic neuromodulation and psychedelics. Dr. Williams earned his M.D. and completed his dual residencies in neurology and psychiatry at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC). Triple board-certified in general neurology, general psychiatry, as well as behavioral neurology and neuropsychiatry, Dr. Williams brings a comprehensive background in clinical neuroscience to his role as a clinically active neuropsychiatrist. His expertise extends to the development and implementation of novel therapeutics, including devices and novel compounds, for central nervous system illnesses.
Over the past decade, Dr. Williams’ laboratory alongside collaborators at Stanford University have pioneered multiple novel therapeutic and human neuroscience approaches. Notably, Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT) is the world's first non-invasive, rapid-acting neuromodulation approach for treatment-resistant depression. SAINT received FDA Breakthrough Device Designation Status (2021) and FDA Clearance (2022) and is the first psychiatric treatment to be covered by Medicare New Technology Add-On Payment (NTAP). As of April 2024, SAINT has been reimbursed for patients suffering from severe depression within inpatient psychiatric units. The SAINT technology is being deployed both clinically and in research protocols in laboratories and hospitals worldwide. Dr. Williams also has an expertise in psychedelic medicines for neuropsychiatric illness and is the first investigator to conduct mechanistic clinical trials exploring the neurobiological effects of ibogaine.
His research accomplishments have garnered international recognition, earning prestigious awards from the Pritzker Neuropsychiatric Disorders Consortium, One Mind Institute, Wellcome Leap Foundation, International Brain Stimulation Conference, National Institute of Mental Health (Biobehavioral Research Award for Innovative New Scientists), Society of Biological Psychiatry (A. E. Bennett Award), along with multiple awards from the Brain Behavior Research Foundation (most notably the Gerald L. Klerman Award). His work has been featured in Scientific American, The New York Times, The Washington Post, USA Today, CBS Sunday Morning, and the TODAY Show.
Over the past decade, Dr. Williams’ laboratory alongside collaborators at Stanford University have pioneered multiple novel therapeutic and human neuroscience approaches. Notably, Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT) is the world's first non-invasive, rapid-acting neuromodulation approach for treatment-resistant depression. SAINT received FDA Breakthrough Device Designation Status (2021) and FDA Clearance (2022) and is the first psychiatric treatment to be covered by Medicare New Technology Add-On Payment (NTAP). As of April 2024, SAINT has been reimbursed for patients suffering from severe depression within inpatient psychiatric units. The SAINT technology is being deployed both clinically and in research protocols in laboratories and hospitals worldwide. Dr. Williams also has an expertise in psychedelic medicines for neuropsychiatric illness and is the first investigator to conduct mechanistic clinical trials exploring the neurobiological effects of ibogaine.
His research accomplishments have garnered international recognition, earning prestigious awards from the Pritzker Neuropsychiatric Disorders Consortium, One Mind Institute, Wellcome Leap Foundation, International Brain Stimulation Conference, National Institute of Mental Health (Biobehavioral Research Award for Innovative New Scientists), Society of Biological Psychiatry (A. E. Bennett Award), along with multiple awards from the Brain Behavior Research Foundation (most notably the Gerald L. Klerman Award). His work has been featured in Scientific American, The New York Times, The Washington Post, USA Today, CBS Sunday Morning, and the TODAY Show.
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Professional Summary
Education & Certifications
- Board Certification, United Council for Neurologic Subspecialties, Behavioral Neurology & Neuropsychiatry (2020)
- Board Certification: American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Neurology (2019)
- Board Certification: American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Psychiatry (2014)
- NIH R25 Research Fellowship, Medical University of South Carolina, Human Neuroscience (2014)
- Clinical Fellowship, Medical University of South Carolina, Invasive and Non-Invasive Neuromodulation (2014)
- Residency, Medical University of South Carolina, Psychiatry (2014)
- Residency, Medical University of South Carolina, Neurology (2014)
- Intership, Medical University of South Carolina, Internal Medicine (2009)
- MD, Medical University of South Carolina, Medicine (2008)
Honors & Awards
- A.E. Bennett Award, Society of Biological Psychiatry (2024)
- Biobehavioral Research Award for Innovative New Scientists, National Institute of Mental Health (2020)
- Bipolar Research Award, One Mind (2020)
- Chairman's Award for Advancing Science, Stanford University (2019)
- Gerald R. Klerman Award, Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (2019)
- Leading Research Achievements, Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (2020)
- Leading Research Achievements, Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (2021)
- Leading Research Achievements, Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (2022)
- NARSAD Young Investigator Award, Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (2016-2018)
- NARSAD Young Investigator Award, Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (2018-2020)
Memberships
- Director, Board of Directors, Clinical TMS Society (2021 - Present)
- Member, American Neuropsychiatric Association Committee on Research (2016 - Present)
- Diplomate, American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (2014 - Present)
Administrative Appointments
- Chief Resident of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina (2011 - 2012)
- Chief Resident of Neuropsychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina (2011 - 2014)
- Director, Stanford Brain Stimulation Laboratory (2015 - Present)
- Director, Stanford Interventional Psychiatry Clinical Research (2019 - Present)
Publications
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Beyond Neural Cubism: Promoting a Multidimensional View of Brain Disorders by Enhancing the Integration of Neurology and Psychiatry in Education
Taylor, J. J., Williams, N. R., & George, M. S. (2015). Beyond Neural Cubism: Promoting a Multidimensional View of Brain Disorders by Enhancing the Integration of Neurology and Psychiatry in Education. ACADEMIC MEDICINE, 90(5), 581–86. -
NMDA antagonist treatment of depression.
Williams, N. R., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2016). NMDA antagonist treatment of depression. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 36, 112–17. -
Interventional Psychiatry: Why Now?
Williams, N. R., Taylor, J. J., Kerns, S., Short, E. B., Kantor, E. M., & George, M. S. (2014). Interventional Psychiatry: Why Now? JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY, 75(8), 895–897. -
Interventional Psychiatry: How Should Psychiatric Educators Incorporate Neuromodulation into Training?
Williams, N. R., Taylor, J. J., Snipes, J. M., Short, E. B., Kantor, E. M., & George, M. S. (2014). Interventional Psychiatry: How Should Psychiatric Educators Incorporate Neuromodulation into Training? ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY, 38(2), 168–76. -
Reward circuit DBS improves Parkinson's gait along with severe depression and OCD
Williams, N. R., Hopkins, T. R., Short, E. B., Sahlem, G. L., Snipes, J., Revuelta, G. J., … Takacs, I. (2016). Reward circuit DBS improves Parkinson's gait along with severe depression and OCD. NEUROCASE, 22(2), 201–4. -
Oscillating Square Wave Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Delivered During Slow Wave Sleep Does Not Improve Declarative Memory More Than Sham: A Randomized Sham Controlled Crossover Study
Sahlem, G. L., Badran, B. W., Halford, J. J., Williams, N. R., Korte, J. E., Leslie, K., … George, M. S. (2015). Oscillating Square Wave Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Delivered During Slow Wave Sleep Does Not Improve Declarative Memory More Than Sham: A Randomized Sham Controlled Crossover Study. BRAIN STIMULATION, 8(3), 528–34. -
Role of functional imaging in the development and refinement of invasive neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders.
Williams, N. R., Taylor, J. J., Lamb, K., Hanlon, C. A., Short, E. B., & George, M. S. (2014). Role of functional imaging in the development and refinement of invasive neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders. World Journal of Radiology, 6(10), 756–778. -
Adjunctive triple chronotherapy (combined total sleep deprivation, sleep phase advance, and bright light therapy) rapidly improves mood and suicidality in suicidal depressed inpatients: An open label pilot study
Sahlem, G. L., Kalivas, B., Fox, J. B., Lamb, K., Roper, A., Williams, E. N., … Short, E. B. (2014). Adjunctive triple chronotherapy (combined total sleep deprivation, sleep phase advance, and bright light therapy) rapidly improves mood and suicidality in suicidal depressed inpatients: An open label pilot study. JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH, 59, 101–7. -
STN vs. GPi Deep Brain Stimulation: Translating the Rematch into Clinical Practice.
Williams, N. R., Foote, K. D., & Okun, M. S. (2014). STN vs. GPi Deep Brain Stimulation: Translating the Rematch into Clinical Practice. Movement Disorders Clinical Practice, 1(1), 24–35. -
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) at the interface of neurology and psychiatry
Williams, N. R., & Okun, M. S. (2013). Deep brain stimulation (DBS) at the interface of neurology and psychiatry. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, 123(11), 4546–4556. -
Incidence of sport-related traumatic brain injury and risk factors of severity: a population-based epidemiologic study
Selassie, A. W., Wilson, D. A., Pickelsimer, E. E., Voronca, D. C., Williams, N. R., & Edwards, J. C. (2013). Incidence of sport-related traumatic brain injury and risk factors of severity: a population-based epidemiologic study. ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 23(12), 750–756. -
Unique Case of "Post-Lumbar Puncture Headache"
Patel, B. A., Williams, N. R., & Pritchard, P. B. (2013). Unique Case of "Post-Lumbar Puncture Headache". HEADACHE, 53(9), 1479–1481. -
Sports-Related Concussions
Upshaw, J. E., Gosserand, J. K., Williams, N., & Edwards, J. C. (2012). Sports-Related Concussions. PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE, 28(9), 926–935. -
High school coaches perceptions of physicians' role in the assessment and management of sports-related concussive injury.
Williams, N., Sas, A., Madey, J., Bodle, J., Scovel, L., & Edwards, J. (2012). High school coaches perceptions of physicians' role in the assessment and management of sports-related concussive injury. Frontiers in Neurology, 3, 130-? -
Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Outcomes of Late-Onset (Type III) Multiple Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Pollard, L. M., Williams, N. R., Espinoza, L., Wood, T. C., Spector, E. B., Schroer, R. J., & Holden, K. R. (2010). Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Outcomes of Late-Onset (Type III) Multiple Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency. JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY, 25(8), 954–960. -
Relapse rates with long-term antidepressant drug therapy: a meta-analysis
Williams, N., Simpson, A. N., Simpson, K., & Nahas, Z. (2009). Relapse rates with long-term antidepressant drug therapy: a meta-analysis. HUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, 24(5), 401–408. -
Unilateral ultra-brief pulse electroconvulsive therapy for depression in Parkinson's disease.
Williams, N. R., Bentzley, B. S., Sahlem, G. L., Pannu, J., Korte, J. E., Revuelta, G., … George, M. S. (2016). Unilateral ultra-brief pulse electroconvulsive therapy for depression in Parkinson's disease. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. -
Five Year Follow-Up of Bilateral Epidural Prefrontal Cortical Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Williams, N. R., Short, E. B., Hopkins, T., Bentzle, B. S., Sahlem, G. L., Pannu, J., … Nahas, Z. (2016). Five Year Follow-Up of Bilateral Epidural Prefrontal Cortical Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression. BRAIN STIMULATION, 9(6), 897–904. -
It Takes Time to Tune
Bentzley, B. S., Pannu, J., Badran, B. W., Halpern, C. H., & Williams, N. R. (2017). It Takes Time to Tune. Annals of Translational Medicine, In Press. -
Neuroversion: using electroconvulsive therapy as a bridge to deep brain stimulation implantation
Williams, N. R., Sahlem, G., Pannu, J., Takacs, I., Short, B., Revuelta, G., & George, M. S. (2017). Neuroversion: using electroconvulsive therapy as a bridge to deep brain stimulation implantation. NEUROCASE, 23(1), 26–30. -
Description of a Novel, Surgically Implanted Neuromodulatory Technique Known as Bilateral Epidural Prefrontal Cortical Stimulation (EpCS) for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD)
Williams, N. R., Pannu, J., Bentzley, B. B., Hopkins, T., Badran, B. W., Short, E. B., … Nahas, Z. (2017). Description of a Novel, Surgically Implanted Neuromodulatory Technique Known as Bilateral Epidural Prefrontal Cortical Stimulation (EpCS) for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD). Journal of Visualized Experiments, In Press. -
Unilateral ultra-brief pulse electroconvulsive therapy for depression in Parkinson's disease
Williams, N. R., Bentzley, B. S., Sahlem, G. L., Pannu, J., Korte, J. E., Revuelta, G., … George, M. S. (2017). Unilateral ultra-brief pulse electroconvulsive therapy for depression in Parkinson's disease. ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, 135(4), 407–11. -
Optimization of epidural cortical stimulation for treatment-resistant depression.
Williams, N. R., Bentzley, B. S., Hopkins, T., Pannu, J., Sahlem, G. L., Takacs, I., … Short, E. B. (2017). Optimization of epidural cortical stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Brain Stimulation. -
Closing the loop on impulsivity via nucleus accumbens delta-band activity in mice and man.
Wu, H., Miller, K. J., Blumenfeld, Z., Williams, N. R., Ravikumar, V. K., Lee, K. E., … Halpern, C. H. (2018). Closing the loop on impulsivity via nucleus accumbens delta-band activity in mice and man. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(1), 192–97. -
High-dose spaced theta-burst TMS as a rapid-acting antidepressant in highly refractory depression.
Williams, N. R., Sudheimer, K. D., Bentzley, B. S., Pannu, J., Stimpson, K. H., Duvio, D., … Schatzberg, A. F. (2018). High-dose spaced theta-burst TMS as a rapid-acting antidepressant in highly refractory depression. Brain : a Journal of Neurology. -
Modulation of the Neural Circuitry Underlying Trait Hypnotizability With Spaced Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation
Williams, N., Sudheimer, K., Stimpson, K., Duvio, D., Chung, C., DeSouza, D., … Spiegel, D. (2017). Modulation of the Neural Circuitry Underlying Trait Hypnotizability With Spaced Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation. NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, 43, S508–S509. -
It takes time to tune
Bentzley, B. S., Pannu, J., Badran, B. W., Halpern, C. H., & Williams, N. R. (2017). It takes time to tune. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE, 5(7), 171. -
Influence of gender on inpatient treatment for bipolar disorder: An analysis of 60,607 hospitalisations
Fellinger, M., Waldhoer, T., Blueml, V., Williams, N., & Vyssoki, B. (2018). Influence of gender on inpatient treatment for bipolar disorder: An analysis of 60,607 hospitalisations. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS, 225, 104–7. -
Stimulating Across the Frontostriatal Circuitry to Treat Parkinson's Disease
Williams, N. R., Short, E. B., Bentzley, B., Pannu, J., Sahlem, G., Hanlon, C., … George, M. (2016). Stimulating Across the Frontostriatal Circuitry to Treat Parkinson's Disease. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. -
Attenuation of Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine by Opioid Receptor Antagonism.
Williams, N. R., Heifets, B. D., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K., Pannu, J., Pankow, H., … Schatzberg, A. F. (2018). Attenuation of Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine by Opioid Receptor Antagonism. The American Journal of Psychiatry, appiajp201818020138. -
Comparative effectiveness of neuroablation and deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analytic study.
Kumar, K. K., Appelboom, G., Lamsam, L., Caplan, A. L., Williams, N. R., Bhati, M. T., … Halpern, C. H. (2019). Comparative effectiveness of neuroablation and deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analytic study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. -
Interpreting Ketamine's Opioid Receptor Dependent Effect: Response to Sanacora.
Heifets, B. D., Williams, N. R., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K., Rodriguez, C. I., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2019). Interpreting Ketamine's Opioid Receptor Dependent Effect: Response to Sanacora. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 176(3), 249–50. -
Target Population, Dose, and Timing Considerations for Understanding Naltrexone's Subjective Effect: Response to Amiaz.
Heifets, B. D., Williams, N. R., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K., Rodriguez, C. I., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2019). Target Population, Dose, and Timing Considerations for Understanding Naltrexone's Subjective Effect: Response to Amiaz. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 176(3), 251–52. -
KETAMINE'S ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECT IS BLOCKED BY A MU-OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST IN HUMANS AND MICE
Heifets, B. D., Williams, N., Sudheimer, K., Pankow, H., Blasey, C., Lyons, D., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2018). KETAMINE'S ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECT IS BLOCKED BY A MU-OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST IN HUMANS AND MICE. ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA, 126(4), 343. -
Robust clinical benefit of multi-target deep brain stimulation for treatment of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and its comorbidities.
Kakusa, B., Saluja, S., Tate, W. J., Espil, F. M., Halpern, C. H., & Williams, N. R. (2019). Robust clinical benefit of multi-target deep brain stimulation for treatment of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and its comorbidities. Brain Stimulation. -
Neuroversion: Using Electroconvulsive Therapy as a Bridge to Deep Brain Stimulation Implantation
Williams, N. R., Sahlem, G., Jeffey, B., Pannu, J., Takacs, I., Revuelta, G., & George, M. (2016). Neuroversion: Using Electroconvulsive Therapy as a Bridge to Deep Brain Stimulation Implantation. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. -
Case Studies in Neuroscience: The electrophysiology of a human obsession in nucleus accumbens.
Miller, K. J., Prieto, T., Williams, N. R., & Halpern, C. H. (2019). Case Studies in Neuroscience: The electrophysiology of a human obsession in nucleus accumbens. Journal of Neurophysiology. -
Rigorous Translational Models Are Key to Studying Ketamine's Antidepressant Mechanism: Response to Wang and Kaplin.
Heifets, B. D., Williams, N. R., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K., Rodriguez, C. I., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2019). Rigorous Translational Models Are Key to Studying Ketamine's Antidepressant Mechanism: Response to Wang and Kaplin. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 176(5), 412. -
Rigorous Trial Design Is Essential to Understand the Role of Opioid Receptors in Ketamine's Antidepressant Effect.
Heifets, B. D., Williams, N. R., Bentzley, B. S., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2019). Rigorous Trial Design Is Essential to Understand the Role of Opioid Receptors in Ketamine's Antidepressant Effect. JAMA Psychiatry. -
Interpreting Ketamine's Opioid Receptor Dependent Effect: Response to Sanacora
Heifets, B. D., Williams, N. R., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K., Rodriguez, C. I., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2019). Interpreting Ketamine's Opioid Receptor Dependent Effect: Response to Sanacora. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, 176(3), 249–50. -
Target Population, Dose, and Timing Considerations for Understanding Naltrexone's Subjective Effect: Response to Amiaz
Heifets, B. D., Williams, N. R., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K., Rodriguez, C. I., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2019). Target Population, Dose, and Timing Considerations for Understanding Naltrexone's Subjective Effect: Response to Amiaz. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, 176(3), 251–52. -
Robust clinical benefit of multi-target deep brain stimulation for treatment of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and its comorbidities
Kakusa, B., Saluja, S., Tate, W. J., Espil, F. M., Halpern, C. H., & Williams, N. R. (2019). Robust clinical benefit of multi-target deep brain stimulation for treatment of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and its comorbidities. BRAIN STIMULATION, 12(3), 816–18. -
Multimodal characterization of the human nucleus accumbens.
Cartmell, S. C., Tian, Q., Thio, B. J., Leuze, C., Ye, L., Williams, N. R., … Halpern, C. H. (2019). Multimodal characterization of the human nucleus accumbens. NeuroImage. -
Rigorous Translational Models Are Key to Studying Ketamine's Antidepressant Mechanism: Response to Wang and Kaplin
Heifets, B. D., Williams, N. R., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K., Rodriguez, C. I., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2019). Rigorous Translational Models Are Key to Studying Ketamine's Antidepressant Mechanism: Response to Wang and Kaplin. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, 176(5), 412. -
Attenuation of Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine by Opioid Receptor Antagonism
Williams, N. R., Heifets, B. D., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K., Pannu, J., Pankow, H., … Schatzberg, A. F. (2018). Attenuation of Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine by Opioid Receptor Antagonism. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC. -
Comparative effectiveness of neuroablation and deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analytic study
Kumar, K. K., Appelboom, G., Lamsam, L., Caplan, A. L., Williams, N. R., Bhati, M. T., … Halpern, C. H. (2019). Comparative effectiveness of neuroablation and deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analytic study. JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY, 90(4), 469–73. -
Attenuation of Anti-Suicidal Effects of Ketamine by Opioid Receptor Antagonism
Williams, N., Heifets, B., Bentzley, B., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K., Lyons, D., & Schatzberg, A. (2019). Attenuation of Anti-Suicidal Effects of Ketamine by Opioid Receptor Antagonism. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY, 85(10), S113. -
The Effects of Cortisol Administration on Emotion, Stress Reactivity, and Brain Activity in Depression
Sudheimer, K., Duvio, D., James, D., Heinemeyer, E., Pirog, S., Williams, N., & Schatzberg, A. (2019). The Effects of Cortisol Administration on Emotion, Stress Reactivity, and Brain Activity in Depression. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. -
Multimodal characterization of the human nucleus accumbens
Cartmell, S. C. D., Tian, Q., Thio, B. J., Leuze, C., Ye, L., Williams, N. R., … Halpern, C. H. (2019). Multimodal characterization of the human nucleus accumbens. NEUROIMAGE, 198, 137–49. -
Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy for Suicidal Ideation (SAINT-SI)
Williams, N. (2019). Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy for Suicidal Ideation (SAINT-SI). BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY, 85(10), S28. -
Rigorous Trial Design Is Essential to Understand the Role of Opioid Receptors in Ketamine's Antidepressant Effect
Heifets, B. D., Williams, N. R., Bentzley, B. S., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2019). Rigorous Trial Design Is Essential to Understand the Role of Opioid Receptors in Ketamine's Antidepressant Effect. JAMA PSYCHIATRY, 76(6), 657–58. -
Attenuation of antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of ketamine by opioid receptor antagonism.
Williams, N. R., Heifets, B. D., Bentzley, B. S., Blasey, C., Sudheimer, K. D., Hawkins, J., … Schatzberg, A. F. (2019). Attenuation of antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of ketamine by opioid receptor antagonism. Molecular Psychiatry. -
Adjunctive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation delivers superior quality of life for focal epilepsy compared to anti-epileptic drugs: A meta-analytic utility prediction study.
Mahajan, U. V., Parker, J. J., Williams, N. R., Bhati, M. T., Ku, S., Grant, G., … Halpern, C. H. (2019). Adjunctive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation delivers superior quality of life for focal epilepsy compared to anti-epileptic drugs: A meta-analytic utility prediction study. Brain Stimulation. -
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Parameter Space: Wide Open for Exploration.
Bentzley, B. S., & Williams, N. R. (2020). Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Parameter Space: Wide Open for Exploration. Biological Psychiatry, 87(5), 384–85. -
Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression.
Cole, E. J., Stimpson, K. H., Bentzley, B. S., Gulser, M., Cherian, K., Tischler, C., … Williams, N. R. (2020). Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression. The American Journal of Psychiatry, appiajp201919070720. -
Deep Brain Stimulation Results in Greater Symptomatic Improvement in Tourette Syndrome than Conservative Measures: A Meta-Analysis.
Mahajan, U. V., Purger, D. A., Mantovani, A., Williams, N. R., Epsil, F. M., Han, S. S., … Halpern, C. H. (2020). Deep Brain Stimulation Results in Greater Symptomatic Improvement in Tourette Syndrome than Conservative Measures: A Meta-Analysis. Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, 1–8. -
Brain-Responsive Neurostimulation for Loss of Control Eating: Early Feasibility Study.
Wu, H., Adler, S., Azagury, D. E., Bohon, C., Safer, D. L., Barbosa, D. A., … Halpern, C. H. (2020). Brain-Responsive Neurostimulation for Loss of Control Eating: Early Feasibility Study. Neurosurgery. -
Synchronized Cervical VNS With Accelerated Theta Burst TMS For Treatment Resistant Depression.
George, M. S., Caulfield, K. A., O'Leary, K., Badran, B. W., Short, E. B., Huffman, S. M., … Williams, N. R. (2020). Synchronized Cervical VNS With Accelerated Theta Burst TMS For Treatment Resistant Depression. Brain Stimulation. -
Evidence for the role of the dorsal ventral lateral posterior thalamic nucleus connectivity in deep brain stimulation for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
Kakusa, B., Saluja, S., Barbosa, D. A., Cartmell, S., Espil, F. M., Williams, N. R., … Halpern, C. H. (2020). Evidence for the role of the dorsal ventral lateral posterior thalamic nucleus connectivity in deep brain stimulation for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 132, 60–64. -
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Disorders Other Than Depression
Pannu, J., DeSouza, D. D., Samara, Z., Raj, K. S., Williams, N. R., & Lanocha, K. I. (2018). Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Disorders Other Than Depression. TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION: CLINICAL APPLICATIONS FOR PSYCHIATRIC PRACTICE, 157–72. -
Accelerated Neuromodulation Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
Williams, N. R., Sudheimer, K. D., Cole, E. J., Varias, A. D., Goldstein-Piekarski, A. N., Stetz, P., … Rodriguez, C. I. (2021). Accelerated Neuromodulation Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Brain Stimulation. -
Lather, Rinse, Repeat? Breaking Repetitive Behaviors With Repetitive Stimulation.
Lissemore, J. I., & Williams, N. R. (2021). Lather, Rinse, Repeat? Breaking Repetitive Behaviors With Repetitive Stimulation. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 178(5), 378–80. -
Unraveling the opioid actions of S-ketamine and R-ketamine: comment on Bonaventura et al.
Heifets, B. D., Bentzley, B. S., Williams, N., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2021). Unraveling the opioid actions of S-ketamine and R-ketamine: comment on Bonaventura et al. Molecular Psychiatry. -
The Future of Training and Practice in Neuromodulation: An Interventional Psychiatry Perspective.
Trapp, N. T., & Williams, N. R. (2021). The Future of Training and Practice in Neuromodulation: An Interventional Psychiatry Perspective. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 734487. -
Hypnotic predictors of agency: Responsiveness to specific suggestions in hypnosis is associated with involuntariness in fibromyalgia.
Faerman, A., Stimpson, K. H., Bishop, J. H., Neri, E., Phillips, A., Gulser, M., … Spiegel, D. (2021). Hypnotic predictors of agency: Responsiveness to specific suggestions in hypnosis is associated with involuntariness in fibromyalgia. Consciousness and Cognition, 96, 103221. -
Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT): A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
Cole, E. J., Phillips, A. L., Bentzley, B. S., Stimpson, K. H., Nejad, R., Barmak, F., … Williams, N. R. (2021). Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT): A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. The American Journal of Psychiatry, appiajp202120101429. -
Aberrant impulse control circuitry in obesity.
Barbosa, D. A., Kuijper, F. M., Duda, J., Wang, A. R., Cartmell, S. C., Saluja, S., … Halpern, C. H. (2022). Aberrant impulse control circuitry in obesity. Molecular Psychiatry. -
Appetitive Mapping of the Human Nucleus Accumbens.
Parker, J. J., Rolle, C. E., Shivacharan, R. S., Barbosa, D. A., Feng, A., Huang, Y., … Halpern, C. H. (2022). Appetitive Mapping of the Human Nucleus Accumbens. Biological Psychiatry. -
Time for Brain Medicine.
Brown, J. C., Dainton-Howard, H., Woodward, J., Palmer, C., Karamchandani, M., Williams, N. R., & George, M. S. (2023). Time for Brain Medicine. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, appineuropsych21120312. -
Taking modern psychiatry into the metaverse: Integrating augmented, virtual, and mixed reality technologies into psychiatric care.
Ford, T. J., Buchanan, D. M., Azeez, A., Benrimoh, D. A., Kaloiani, I., Bandeira, I. D., … Williams, N. R. (2023). Taking modern psychiatry into the metaverse: Integrating augmented, virtual, and mixed reality technologies into psychiatric care. Frontiers in Digital Health, 5, 1146806. -
Real-Time Semi-Automated and Automated Voxel Placement using fMRI Targets for Repeated Acquisition Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
Bishop, J. H., Geoly, A., Khan, N., Tischler, C., Krueger, R., Keshava, P., … Sacchet, M. D. (2023). Real-Time Semi-Automated and Automated Voxel Placement using fMRI Targets for Repeated Acquisition Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 109853. -
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression: Mismatch of Evidence and Insurance Coverage Policies in the United States.
Weissman, C. R., Bermudes, R. A., Voigt, J., Liston, C., Williams, N., Blumberger, D. M., … Daskalakis, Z. J. (2023). Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression: Mismatch of Evidence and Insurance Coverage Policies in the United States. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 84(3). -
Accelerated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Treat Major Depression: The Past, Present, and Future.
Chen, L., Klooster, D. C., Tik, M., Thomas, E. H., Downar, J., Fitzgerald, P. B., … Baeken, C. (2023). Accelerated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Treat Major Depression: The Past, Present, and Future. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 31(3), 142–161. -
Targeted neurostimulation reverses a spatiotemporal biomarker of treatment-resistant depression.
Mitra, A., Raichle, M. E., Geoly, A. D., Kratter, I. H., & Williams, N. R. (2023). Targeted neurostimulation reverses a spatiotemporal biomarker of treatment-resistant depression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120(21), e2218958120. -
No place in France for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the therapeutic armamentarium of treatment-resistant depression?
Batail, J.-M. M., Gaillard, R., Haffen, E., Poulet, E., Sauvaget, A., Szekely, D., … Drapier, D. (2023). No place in France for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the therapeutic armamentarium of treatment-resistant depression? Brain Stimulation. -
Network effects of Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder: a randomized, controlled trial.
Batail, J.-M., Xiao, X., Azeez, A., Tischler, C., Kratter, I. H., Bishop, J. H., … Williams, N. R. (2023). Network effects of Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder: a randomized, controlled trial. Translational Psychiatry, 13(1), 240. -
A Preliminary Investigation Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Applied To The Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex In Treatment Seeking Participants With Cannabis Use Disorder.
Sahlem, G. L., Kim, B., Baker, N. L., Wong, B. L., Caruso, M. A., Campbell, L. A., … McRae-Clark, A. L. (2023). A Preliminary Investigation Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Applied To The Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex In Treatment Seeking Participants With Cannabis Use Disorder. MedRxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences. -
Treatment-resistant depression: definition, prevalence, detection, management, and investigational interventions.
McIntyre, R. S., Alsuwaidan, M., Baune, B. T., Berk, M., Demyttenaere, K., Goldberg, J. F., … Maj, M. (2023). Treatment-resistant depression: definition, prevalence, detection, management, and investigational interventions. World Psychiatry : Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 22(3), 394–412. -
Concurrent TMS/fMRI reveals individual DLPFC dose-response pattern.
Tik, M., Vasileiadi, M., Woletz, M., Linhardt, D., Schuler, A.-L. L., Williams, N., & Windischberger, C. (2023). Concurrent TMS/fMRI reveals individual DLPFC dose-response pattern. NeuroImage, 120394. -
Responsive deep brain stimulation guided by ventral striatal electrophysiology of obsession durably ameliorates compulsion.
Nho, Y.-H. H., Rolle, C. E., Topalovic, U., Shivacharan, R. S., Cunningham, T. N., Hiller, S., … Halpern, C. H. (2023). Responsive deep brain stimulation guided by ventral striatal electrophysiology of obsession durably ameliorates compulsion. Neuron. -
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Induced Heart-Brain Coupling: Implications for Site Selection and Frontal Thresholding-Preliminary Findings.
Dijkstra, E., van Dijk, H., Vila-Rodriguez, F., Zwienenberg, L., Rouwhorst, R., Coetzee, J. P., … Arns, M. (2023). Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Induced Heart-Brain Coupling: Implications for Site Selection and Frontal Thresholding-Preliminary Findings. Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, 3(4), 939–947. -
An Avenue for Optimization of Theta Burst Stimulation Protocols? Comments on the FOUR-D Randomized Noninferiority Clinical Trial.
Batail, J.-M. V., Feyder, M. T., Bentzley, B. S., & Williams, N. R. (2023). An Avenue for Optimization of Theta Burst Stimulation Protocols? Comments on the FOUR-D Randomized Noninferiority Clinical Trial. The American Journal of Psychiatry, appiajp20230236. -
A preliminary randomized controlled trial of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in treatment seeking participants with cannabis use disorder.
Sahlem, G. L., Kim, B., Baker, N. L., Wong, B. L., Caruso, M. A., Campbell, L. A., … McRae-Clark, A. L. (2023). A preliminary randomized controlled trial of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in treatment seeking participants with cannabis use disorder. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 254, 111035. -
Sustained Efficacy of Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) in Open-Label Repeated Treatment.
Geoly, A. D., Kratter, I. H., Toosi, P., Cole, E. J., Sahlem, G. L., & Williams, N. R. (2024). Sustained Efficacy of Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) in Open-Label Repeated Treatment. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 181(1), 71–73. -
Magnesium-ibogaine therapy in veterans with traumatic brain injuries.
Cherian, K. N., Keynan, J. N., Anker, L., Faerman, A., Brown, R. E., Shamma, A., … Williams, N. R. (2024). Magnesium-ibogaine therapy in veterans with traumatic brain injuries. Nature Medicine. -
Accelerated Theta Burst Stimulation: Safety, Efficacy, and Future Advancements.
Cole, E., O'Sullivan, S. J., Tik, M., & Williams, N. R. (2024). Accelerated Theta Burst Stimulation: Safety, Efficacy, and Future Advancements. Biological Psychiatry, 95(6), 523–535. -
Pilot study of stanford neuromodulation therapy (SNT) for bipolar depression.
Raj, K. S., Geoly, A. D., Veerapal, C., Gholmieh, M., Toosi, P., Espil, F. M., … Williams, N. R. (2024). Pilot study of stanford neuromodulation therapy (SNT) for bipolar depression. Brain Stimulation. -
Chronometric TMS-fMRI of personalized left dorsolateral prefrontal target reveals state-dependency of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex effects.
Grosshagauer, S., Woletz, M., Vasileiadi, M., Linhardt, D., Nohava, L., Schuler, A.-L. L., … Tik, M. (2024). Chronometric TMS-fMRI of personalized left dorsolateral prefrontal target reveals state-dependency of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex effects. Molecular Psychiatry.
Clinical Trials
Clinical trials are research studies that evaluate a new medical approach, device, drug, or other treatment. As a Stanford Health Care patient, you may have access to the latest, advanced clinical trials.
Open trials refer to studies currently accepting participants. Closed trials are not currently enrolling, but may open in the future.
- Accelerated Theta Burst in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Dose Finding and Biomarker Study »
- Neuroimaging Biomarkers for Predicting rTMS Response in OCD »
- The Effects of Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy on Explicit and Implicit Suicidal Cognition »
- Establishing a Dose-response Relationship With Accelerated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation »
- aTBS for Treatment of Depression in AUD »
- Use of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Augment Hypnotic Analgesia »
- SAINT for Treatment of Preoperative Depression to Reduce Opioid Use Following Arthroplasty »
- rTMS for Orthopaedic Trauma Patients »
- Rapid Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation for OCD (oTMS) »
- iTBS in Refractory Pediatric Depression »
- Establishing Functional Biomarkers for Spaced Theta-Burst Stimulation »
- Pilot Accelerated Theta Burst in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression »
Practice Locations
Outpatient Psychiatry Clinic in Palo Alto Stanford, CA
Stanford, CA
Outpatient Psychiatry Clinic in Palo Alto
401 Quarry Road
Stanford , CA 94304
Make An Appointment More Clinic Information » Getting Here »Important Information about Our Organizations and Physician Affiliation
Stanford Health Care, Stanford Health Care Tri-Valley, and Stanford Medicine Partners are each independent nonprofit organizations that are affiliated with but separate from each other and from Stanford University. The physicians who provide care at facilities operated by Stanford Health Care, Stanford Health Care Tri-Valley, and Stanford Medicine Partners are faculty, foundation, or community physicians who are not employees, representatives, or agents of Stanford Health Care, Stanford Health Care Tri- Valley, or Stanford Medicine Partners. Stanford Health Care, Stanford Health Care Tri-Valley, and Stanford Medicine Partners do not exercise control over the care provided by such faculty, foundation, and community physicians and are not responsible for their actions.
Referring Physicians
PHYSICIAN HELPLINE
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Fax: 650-320-9443
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Stanford Health Care provides comprehensive services to refer and track patients, as well as the latest information and news for physicians and office staff. For help with all referral needs and questions, visit Referral Information.
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