Professional Summary
Education & Certifications
- Medical Education: University of Washington Registration and Transcripts Office (2001) WA
- PhD Training: University of Washington School of Medicine (1999) WA
- Residency: University of Washington Medical Center Dept of Medicine (2003) WA
- Fellowship: University of Washington Infectious Disease Program (2007) WA
- Board Certification: American Board of Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease (2006)
- PhD, University of Washington, Immunology (1999)
- BS, University of California, Davis, Biochemistry (1993)
Honors & Awards
- Chan Zuckerberg Investigator, Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (2017)
- Clinical Scientist Development Award, Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (2013)
- Elected Member, American Society for Clinical Investigation (2016)
- Faculty Scholar, Donald E. and Delia B. Baxter Foundation (2013)
- Fellow, Infectious Diseases Society of America (2017)
- ICAAC Young Investigator Award, American Society for Microbiology (2010)
- Investigator in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases, Burroughs Wellcome Foundation (2017)
- McCormick Faculty Award, Stanford University School of Medicine, Office of Diversity and Leadership (2012)
- New Investigator Award, University of Washington Center for AIDS Research (2009)
- NIDA Avant Garde Award for HIV Research, NIH/NIAID (2018)
- NIH Director's New Innovator Award, NIH (2013)
- Outstanding Consultant, Infectious Diseases, MedCon (2003)
- Outstanding Faculty Mentor Award, Stanford Immunology (2012)
- Outstanding Investigator Award, Western Society for Clinical Investigation (2017)
- Outstanding Investigator Award, Western Society for Clinical Investigation (2018)
- Tashia and John Morgridge Faculty Scholar in Pediatric Translational Medicine, Stanford Child Health Research Institute (2015)
- Young and Early Career Investigator, Enterprise-OCTAVE Workshop on Correlates of Vaccine Protection to HIV (2010)
- Young Investigator Award, AIDS Vaccine, Seattle, WA (2007)
- Young Investigator Award, Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation (2012)
Memberships
- Member, Infectious Diseases Society of America (2013 - Present)
- Member, American Association of Immunologists (2012 - Present)
- Member, American Society for Microbiology (2009 - Present)
Administrative Appointments
- Associate Dean for Basic and Translational Research, Stanford University School of Medicine (2021 - Present)
- Associate Director, Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP) (2014 - 2021)
- Co-Director, Stanford MSTP (2022 - Present)
- Fellow, Stanford Center for Innovation in Global Health (CIGH) (2015 - Present)
Publications
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Chronic modulation of the TCR repertoire in the lymphoid periphery
Blish, C. A., Gallay, B. J., Turk, G. L., Kline, K. V., Wheat, W., & Fink, P. J. (1999). Chronic modulation of the TCR repertoire in the lymphoid periphery. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, 162(6), 3131–3140. -
Anergic CD8(+) T cells can persist and function in vivo
Blish, C. A., Dillon, S. R., Farr, A. G., & Fink, P. J. (1999). Anergic CD8(+) T cells can persist and function in vivo. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, 163(1), 155–164. -
HIV-1 subtype A envelope variants from early in infection have variable sensitivity to neutralization and to inhibitors of viral entry
Blish, C. A., Nedellec, R., Mandaliya, K., Mosier, D. E., & Overbaugh, J. (2007). HIV-1 subtype A envelope variants from early in infection have variable sensitivity to neutralization and to inhibitors of viral entry. AIDS, 21(6), 693–702. -
Transmission of HIV-1 in the face of neutralizing antibodies
Blish, C. A., Blay, W. A., Haigwood, N. L., & Overbaughl, J. (2007). Transmission of HIV-1 in the face of neutralizing antibodies. CURRENT HIV RESEARCH, 5(6), 578–587. -
Enhancing exposure of HIV-1 neutralization epitopes through mutations in gp41
Blish, C. A., Nguyen, M.-A., & Overbaugh, J. (2008). Enhancing exposure of HIV-1 neutralization epitopes through mutations in gp41. PLOS MEDICINE, 5(1), 90–103. -
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Superinfection Occurs despite Relatively Robust Neutralizing Antibody Responses
Blish, C. A., Dogan, O. C., Derby, N. R., Nguyen, M.-A., Chohan, B., Richardson, B. A., & Overbaugh, J. (2008). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Superinfection Occurs despite Relatively Robust Neutralizing Antibody Responses. JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY, 82(24), 12094–12103. -
Cross-Subtype Neutralization Sensitivity despite Monoclonal Antibody Resistance among Early Subtype A, C, and D Envelope Variants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
Blish, C. A., Jalalian-Lechak, Z., Rainwater, S., Nguyen, M.-A., Dogan, O. C., & Overbaugh, J. (2009). Cross-Subtype Neutralization Sensitivity despite Monoclonal Antibody Resistance among Early Subtype A, C, and D Envelope Variants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY, 83(15), 7783–7788. -
Breadth of Neutralizing Antibody Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Is Affected by Factors Early in Infection but Does Not Influence Disease Progression
Piantadosi, A., Panteleeff, D., Blish, C. A., Baeten, J. M., Jaoko, W., McClelland, R. S., & Overbaugh, J. (2009). Breadth of Neutralizing Antibody Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Is Affected by Factors Early in Infection but Does Not Influence Disease Progression. JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY, 83(19), 10269–10274. -
Comparative Immunogenicity of Subtype A Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Exhibiting Differential Exposure of Conserved Neutralization Epitopes
Blish, C. A., Sather, D. N., Sellhorn, G., Stamatatos, L., Sun, Y., Srivastava, I., … Hu, S.-L. (2010). Comparative Immunogenicity of Subtype A Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Exhibiting Differential Exposure of Conserved Neutralization Epitopes. JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY, 84(5), 2573–2584. -
Changes in Plasma Cytokines after Treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides Infection in Individuals with HIV-1 Infection
Blish, C. A., Sangare, L., Herrin, B. R., Richardson, B. A., John-Stewart, G., & Walson, J. L. (2010). Changes in Plasma Cytokines after Treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides Infection in Individuals with HIV-1 Infection. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 201(12), 1816–1821. -
Hormonal Contraception and HIV-1 Transmission
Blish, C. A., & Baeten, J. M. (2011). Hormonal Contraception and HIV-1 Transmission. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY, 65(3), 302–307. -
The Breadth and Potency of Passively Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies Do Not Correlate with the Risk of Infant Infection
Lynch, J. B., Nduati, R., Blish, C. A., Richardson, B. A., Mabuka, J. M., Jalalian-Lechak, Z., … Overbaugh, J. (2011). The Breadth and Potency of Passively Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies Do Not Correlate with the Risk of Infant Infection. JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY, 85(11), 5252–5261. -
Measurements of Immune Responses for Establishing Correlates of Vaccine Protection Against HIV
Burgers, W. A., Manrique, A., Masopust, D., McKinnon, L. R., Reynolds, M. R., Rolland, M., … Sather, D. N. (2012). Measurements of Immune Responses for Establishing Correlates of Vaccine Protection Against HIV. AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES, 28(7), 641–48. -
The role of amino acid changes in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane domain in antibody binding and neutralization
Lovelace, E., Xu, H., Blish, C. A., Strong, R., & Overbaugh, J. (2011). The role of amino acid changes in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane domain in antibody binding and neutralization. VIROLOGY, 421(2), 235–244. -
Cellular immune responses and susceptibility to HIV-1 superinfection: a case-control study
Blish, C. A., Dogan, O. C., Jaoko, W., McClelland, R. S., Mandaliya, K., Odem-Davis, K. S., … Overbaugh, J. (2012). Cellular immune responses and susceptibility to HIV-1 superinfection: a case-control study. AIDS, 26(5), 643–46. -
Genital Inflammation Predicts HIV-1 Shedding Independent of Plasma Viral Load and Systemic Inflammation
Blish, C. A., McClelland, R. S., Richardson, B. A., Jaoko, W., Mandaliya, K., Baeten, J. M., & Overbaugh, J. (2012). Genital Inflammation Predicts HIV-1 Shedding Independent of Plasma Viral Load and Systemic Inflammation. JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES, 61(4), 436–440. -
HIV-1 Transmission Goes Retro (Steps Back)
Blish, C. A. (2012). HIV-1 Transmission Goes Retro (Steps Back). JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 206(9), 1336–1338. -
The impact of HIV-1 infection and exposure on natural killer (NK) cell phenotype in Kenyan infants during the first year of life.
Slyker, J. A., Lohman-Payne, B., John-Stewart, G. C., Dong, T., Mbori-Ngacha, D., Tapia, K., … Blish, C. A. (2012). The impact of HIV-1 infection and exposure on natural killer (NK) cell phenotype in Kenyan infants during the first year of life. Frontiers in Immunology, 3, 399-? -
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated virus inhibition antibody activity does not correlate with risk of HIV-1 superinfection.
Forthal, D. N., Landucci, G., Chohan, B., Richardson, B. A., McClelland, R. S., Jaoko, W., … Overbaugh, J. (2013). Antibody-dependent cell-mediated virus inhibition antibody activity does not correlate with risk of HIV-1 superinfection. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 63(1), 31–33. -
LOSS OF CELL-CYCLE CONTROLS IN APOPTOTIC LYMPHOBLASTS OF THE BURSA OF FABRICIUS
Neiman, P. E., BLISH, C., HEYDT, C., Loring, G., & THOMAS, S. J. (1994). LOSS OF CELL-CYCLE CONTROLS IN APOPTOTIC LYMPHOBLASTS OF THE BURSA OF FABRICIUS. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL, 5(7), 763–772. -
Systemic Cytokine Levels Show Limited Correlation With Risk of HIV-1 Acquisition.
Lehman, D. A., Ronen, K., Blish, C. A., Baeten, J. M., Jalalian-Lechak, Z., Jaoko, W., … Overbaugh, J. (2014). Systemic Cytokine Levels Show Limited Correlation With Risk of HIV-1 Acquisition. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 66(2), 135–39. -
Association between Cellular Immune Activation, Target Cell Frequency, and Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Superinfection
Blish, C. A., Dogan, O. C., Jaoko, W., McClelland, R. S., Mandaliya, K., Odem-Davis, K., … Overbaugh, J. (2014). Association between Cellular Immune Activation, Target Cell Frequency, and Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Superinfection. JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY, 88(10), 5894–99. -
Association between Latent Proviral Characteristics and Immune Activation in Antiretrovirus-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Adults.
Liang, E. C., Sceats, L., Bayless, N. L., Strauss-Albee, D. M., Kubo, J., Grant, P. M., … Blish, C. A. (2014). Association between Latent Proviral Characteristics and Immune Activation in Antiretrovirus-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Adults. Journal of Virology, 88(15), 8629–39. -
Genetic and environmental determinants of human NK cell diversity revealed by mass cytometry.
Horowitz, A., Strauss-Albee, D. M., Leipold, M., Kubo, J., Nemat-Gorgani, N., Dogan, O. C., … Blish, C. A. (2013). Genetic and environmental determinants of human NK cell diversity revealed by mass cytometry. Science Translational Medicine, 5(208), 208ra145-? -
Enhanced natural killer-cell and T-cell responses to influenza A virus during pregnancy.
Kay, A. W., Fukuyama, J., Aziz, N., Dekker, C. L., Mackey, S., Swan, G. E., … Blish, C. A. (2014). Enhanced natural killer-cell and T-cell responses to influenza A virus during pregnancy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(40), 14506–11. -
Delayed BCG vaccination--time to take a shot.
Kay, A. W., & Blish, C. A. (2015). Delayed BCG vaccination--time to take a shot. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 211(3), 335–37. -
Coordinated Regulation of NK Receptor Expression in the Maturing Human Immune System
Strauss-Albee, D. M., Horowitz, A., Parham, P., & Blish, C. A. (2014). Coordinated Regulation of NK Receptor Expression in the Maturing Human Immune System. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, 193(10), 4871–79. -
Intrinsic retroviral reactivation in human preimplantation embryos and pluripotent cells.
Grow, E. J., Flynn, R. A., Chavez, S. L., Bayless, N. L., Wossidlo, M., Wesche, D. J., … Wysocka, J. (2015). Intrinsic retroviral reactivation in human preimplantation embryos and pluripotent cells. Nature, 522(7555), 221–25. -
Pregnancy Does Not Attenuate the Antibody or Plasmablast Response to Inactivated Influenza Vaccine.
Kay, A. W., Bayless, N. L., Fukuyama, J., Aziz, N., Dekker, C. L., Mackey, S., … Blish, C. A. (2015). Pregnancy Does Not Attenuate the Antibody or Plasmablast Response to Inactivated Influenza Vaccine. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 212(6), 861–70. -
Human NK cell repertoire diversity reflects immune experience and correlates with viral susceptibility.
Strauss-Albee, D. M., Fukuyama, J., Liang, E. C., Yao, Y., Jarrell, J. A., Drake, A. L., … Blish, C. A. (2015). Human NK cell repertoire diversity reflects immune experience and correlates with viral susceptibility. Science Translational Medicine, 7(297), 297ra115-? -
Immunogenicity and clinical efficacy of influenza vaccination in pregnancy
Kay, A. W., & Blish, C. A. (2015). Immunogenicity and clinical efficacy of influenza vaccination in pregnancy. FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY, 6, 1–9. -
Immunogenicity and Clinical Efficacy of Influenza Vaccination in Pregnancy.
Kay, A. W., & Blish, C. A. (2015). Immunogenicity and Clinical Efficacy of Influenza Vaccination in Pregnancy. Frontiers in Immunology, 6, 289-? -
The impact of HIV-1 infection and exposure on natural killer (NK) cell phenotype in Kenyan infants during the first year of life
Slyker, J. A., Lohman-Payne, B., John-Stewart, G. C., Dong, T., Mbori-Ngacha, D., Tapia, K., … Blish, C. A. (2012). The impact of HIV-1 infection and exposure on natural killer (NK) cell phenotype in Kenyan infants during the first year of life. FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY, 3. -
Human NK Cell Diversity in viral infection: Ramifications of Ramification
Strauss-Albee, D. M., & Blish, C. A. (2016). Human NK Cell Diversity in viral infection: Ramifications of Ramification. FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY, 7. -
Application of Mass Cytometry (CyTOF) for Functional and Phenotypic Analysis of Natural Killer Cells.
Kay, A. W., Strauss-Albee, D. M., & Blish, C. A. (2016). Application of Mass Cytometry (CyTOF) for Functional and Phenotypic Analysis of Natural Killer Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.), 1441, 13–26. -
NKG2A-Expressing Natural Killer Cells Dominate the Response to Autologous Lymphoblastoid Cells Infected with Epstein-Barr Virus
Hatton, O., Strauss-Albee, D. M., Zhao, N. Q., Haggadone, M. D., Pelpola, J. S., Krams, S. M., … Blish, C. A. (2016). NKG2A-Expressing Natural Killer Cells Dominate the Response to Autologous Lymphoblastoid Cells Infected with Epstein-Barr Virus. FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY, 7. -
Mass Cytometry Analytical Approaches Reveal Cytokine-Induced Changes in Natural Killer Cells.
Vendrame, E., Fukuyama, J., Strauss-Albee, D. M., Holmes, S., & Blish, C. A. (2017). Mass Cytometry Analytical Approaches Reveal Cytokine-Induced Changes in Natural Killer Cells. Cytometry. Part B, Clinical Cytometry, 92(1), 57–67. -
The newborn human NK cell repertoire is phenotypically formed but functionally reduced.
Strauss-Albee, D. M., Liang, E. C., Ranganath, T., Aziz, N., & Blish, C. A. (2016). The newborn human NK cell repertoire is phenotypically formed but functionally reduced. Cytometry. Part B, Clinical Cytometry. -
Zika Virus Infection Induces Cranial Neural Crest Cells to Produce Cytokines at Levels Detrimental for Neurogenesis.
Bayless, N. L., Greenberg, R. S., Swigut, T., Wysocka, J., & Blish, C. A. (2016). Zika Virus Infection Induces Cranial Neural Crest Cells to Produce Cytokines at Levels Detrimental for Neurogenesis. Cell Host & Microbe, 20(4), 423–28. -
Increased Proinflammatory Responses of Monocytes and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells to Influenza A Virus Infection During Pregnancy
Le Gars, M., Kay, A. W., Bayless, N. L., Aziz, N., Dekker, C. L., Swan, G. E., … Blish, C. A. (2016). Increased Proinflammatory Responses of Monocytes and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells to Influenza A Virus Infection During Pregnancy. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 214(11), 1666–71. -
Natural Killer Cell Diversity in Viral Infection: Why and How Much?
Blish, C. A. (2016). Natural Killer Cell Diversity in Viral Infection: Why and How Much? Pathogens & Immunity, 1(1), 165–92. -
The natural killer cell response to West Nile virus in young and old individuals with or without a prior history of infection.
Yao, Y., Strauss-Albee, D. M., Zhou, J. Q., Malawista, A., Garcia, M. N., Murray, K. O., … Montgomery, R. R. (2017). The natural killer cell response to West Nile virus in young and old individuals with or without a prior history of infection. PloS One, 12(2). -
The newborn human NK cell repertoire is phenotypically formed but functionally reduced
Strauss-Albee, D. M., Liang, E. C., Ranganath, T., Aziz, N., & Blish, C. A. (2017). The newborn human NK cell repertoire is phenotypically formed but functionally reduced. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY, 92(1), 33–41. -
Diversification of human NK cells: Lessons from deep profiling.
Wilk, A. J., & Blish, C. A. (2018). Diversification of human NK cells: Lessons from deep profiling. Journal of Leukocyte Biology. -
Humanized mouse model supports development, function, and tissue residency of human natural killer cells
Herndler-Brandstetter, D., Shan, L., Yao, Y., Stecher, C., Plajer, V., Lietzenmayer, M., … Flavell, R. A. (2017). Humanized mouse model supports development, function, and tissue residency of human natural killer cells. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 114(45), E9626–E9634. -
Redefining Memory: Building the Case for Adaptive NK Cells
Paust, S., Blish, C. A., & Reeves, R. K. (2017). Redefining Memory: Building the Case for Adaptive NK Cells. JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY, 91(20). -
Zika virus infection induces cranial neural crest cells to produce cytokines at levels detrimental for neurogenesis
Blish, C. (2017). Zika virus infection induces cranial neural crest cells to produce cytokines at levels detrimental for neurogenesis. JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY, 12, S9–S10. -
Quantifying the unanticipated diversity of the human NK cell repertoire
Strauss-Albee, D., Horowitz, A., Dogan, O., Mackey, S., Swan, G., Dekker, C., … Blish, C. (2013). Quantifying the unanticipated diversity of the human NK cell repertoire. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY. AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS. -
Pregnancy does not attenuate the antibody or plasmablast response to inactivated influenza vaccine
Bayless, N., Kay, A., Fukuayama, J., Aziz, N., Dekker, C., Mackey, S., … Blish, C. (2015). Pregnancy does not attenuate the antibody or plasmablast response to inactivated influenza vaccine. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, 194. -
Natural Killer Cells Display Functional and Receptor Diversity in Response to Alloantigen.
Hatton, O., Shawler, T., Blish, C., Martinez, O., & Krams, S. (2016). Natural Killer Cells Display Functional and Receptor Diversity in Response to Alloantigen. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 16, 721. -
Natural Killer Cell Responses to Autologous and Allogeneic Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)(+) B Cell Lymphomas
Hatton, O., Hadad, U., Strauss-Albee, D., Blish, C., Esquivel, C., Krams, S., & Martinez, O. (2014). Natural Killer Cell Responses to Autologous and Allogeneic Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)(+) B Cell Lymphomas. TRANSPLANTATION, 98, 245–46. -
Natural Killer Cell Responses to Autologous and Allogeneic Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)(+) B Cell Lymphomas
Hatton, O., Hadad, U., Strauss-Albee, D., Blish, C., Esquivel, C., Krams, S., & Martinez, O. (2014). Natural Killer Cell Responses to Autologous and Allogeneic Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)(+) B Cell Lymphomas. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 14, 245–46. -
IL-2 DEPENDENT NATURAL KILLER CELL RESPONSES TO ALLOGENEIC AND AUTOLOGOUS EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) plus B CELL LYMPHOMAS
Hatton, O., Hadad, U., Blish, C., Esquivel, C., Krams, S., & Martinez, O. (2015). IL-2 DEPENDENT NATURAL KILLER CELL RESPONSES TO ALLOGENEIC AND AUTOLOGOUS EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) plus B CELL LYMPHOMAS. PEDIATRIC TRANSPLANTATION, 19, 93. -
IL-2-Dependent Natural Killer Cell Responses to Epstein-Barr Virus B Cell Lymphomas Involve the NKG2A/NKG2C Axis
Hatton, O., Strauss-Albee, D., Blish, C., Esquivel, C., Krams, S., & Martines, O. (2015). IL-2-Dependent Natural Killer Cell Responses to Epstein-Barr Virus B Cell Lymphomas Involve the NKG2A/NKG2C Axis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 15. -
Differential Induction of IFN-alpha and Modulation of CD112 and CD54 Expression Govern the Magnitude of NK Cell IFN-gamma Response to Influenza A Viruses.
Kronstad, L. M., Seiler, C., Vergara, R., Holmes, S. P., & Blish, C. A. (2018). Differential Induction of IFN-alpha and Modulation of CD112 and CD54 Expression Govern the Magnitude of NK Cell IFN-gamma Response to Influenza A Viruses. Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). -
Maintaining a Robust Pipeline of Future Physician-Scientists
Blish, C. A. (2018). Maintaining a Robust Pipeline of Future Physician-Scientists. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 218, S40–S43. -
Natural Killer cells demonstrate functional and receptor diversity in response to alloantigen
Hatton, O., Shawler, T., Blish, C., Martinez, O. M., & Krams, S. M. (2016). Natural Killer cells demonstrate functional and receptor diversity in response to alloantigen. TRANSPLANTATION. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. -
NKG2A+natural killer cells dominate the response to latent Epstein-Barr virus infection
Hatton, O., Strauss-Albee, D., Krams, S. M., Blish, C., & Martinez, O. (2016). NKG2A+natural killer cells dominate the response to latent Epstein-Barr virus infection. TRANSPLANTATION. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. -
Differential Induction of IFN-alpha and Modulation of CD112 and CD54 Expression Govern the Magnitude of NK Cell IFN-gamma Response to Influenza A Viruses
Kronstad, L. M., Seiler, C., Vergara, R., Holmes, S. P., & Bish, C. A. (2018). Differential Induction of IFN-alpha and Modulation of CD112 and CD54 Expression Govern the Magnitude of NK Cell IFN-gamma Response to Influenza A Viruses. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, 201(7), 2117–31. -
Human natural killer cells mediate adaptive immunity to viral antigens
Nikzad, R., Angelo, L. S., Aviles-Padilla, K., Le, D. T., Singh, V. K., Bimler, L., … Paust, S. (2019). Human natural killer cells mediate adaptive immunity to viral antigens. SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY, 4(35). -
A novel human IL2RB mutation results in T and NK cell-driven immune dysregulation
Fernandez, I. Z., Baxter, R. M., Garcia-Perez, J. E., Vendrame, E., Ranganath, T., Kong, D. S., … Hsieh, E. W. Y. (2019). A novel human IL2RB mutation results in T and NK cell-driven immune dysregulation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, 216(6), 1255–67. -
HLA Upregulation During Dengue Virus Infection Suppresses the Natural Killer Cell Response
McKechnie, J. L., Beltran, D., Pitti, A., Saenz, L., Arauz, A. B., Vergara, R., … Lopez-Verges, S. (2019). HLA Upregulation During Dengue Virus Infection Suppresses the Natural Killer Cell Response. FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY, 9. -
HLA Upregulation During Dengue Virus Infection Suppresses the Natural Killer Cell Response.
McKechnie, J. L., Beltrán, D., Pitti, A., Saenz, L., Araúz, A. B., Vergara, R., … López-Vergès, S. (2019). HLA Upregulation During Dengue Virus Infection Suppresses the Natural Killer Cell Response. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 9, 268. -
Pregnancy-Induced Alterations in NK Cell Phenotype and Function.
Le Gars, M., Seiler, C., Kay, A. W., Bayless, N. L., Starosvetsky, E., Moore, L., … Blish, C. A. (2019). Pregnancy-Induced Alterations in NK Cell Phenotype and Function. Frontiers in Immunology, 10, 2469. -
Universal Principled Review: A Community-Driven Method to Improve Peer Review.
Krummel, M., Blish, C., Kuhns, M., Cadwell, K., Oberst, A., Goldrath, A., … Pepper, M. (2019). Universal Principled Review: A Community-Driven Method to Improve Peer Review. Cell, 179(7), 1441–45. -
Reinvigorating NIH Grant Peer Review.
Crotty, S., Blish, C., Cadwell, K., Chi, H., Goldrath, A., Green, D., … Wherry, E. J. (2020). Reinvigorating NIH Grant Peer Review. Immunity, 52(1), 1–3. -
TIGIT is upregulated by HIV-1 infection and marks a highly functional adaptive and mature subset of natural killer cells.
Vendrame, E., Seiler, C., Ranganath, T., Zhao, N. Q., Vergara, R., Alary, M., … Blish, C. A. (2020). TIGIT is upregulated by HIV-1 infection and marks a highly functional adaptive and mature subset of natural killer cells. AIDS (London, England). -
Identification of the first cases of complete CD16A deficiency: Association with persistent EBV infection.
Pérez-Portilla, A., Moraru, M., Blázquez-Moreno, A., Kolb, P., Bravo García-Morato, M., Ranganath, T., … Reyburn, H. T. (2020). Identification of the first cases of complete CD16A deficiency: Association with persistent EBV infection. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. -
Influenza-Induced Interferon Lambda Response Is Associated With Longer Time to Delivery Among Pregnant Kenyan Women.
Seiler, C., Bayless, N. L., Vergara, R., Pintye, J., Kinuthia, J., Osborn, L., … Blish, C. A. (2020). Influenza-Induced Interferon Lambda Response Is Associated With Longer Time to Delivery Among Pregnant Kenyan Women. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, 452. -
Enhancing natural killer cell function with gp41-targeting bispecific antibodies to combat HIV infection.
Ramadoss, N. S., Zhao, N. Q., Richardson, B. A., Grant, P. M., Kim, P. S., & Blish, C. A. (2020). Enhancing natural killer cell function with gp41-targeting bispecific antibodies to combat HIV infection. AIDS (London, England). -
Characterization of the Impact of Daclizumab Beta on Circulating Natural Killer Cells by Mass Cytometry.
Ranganath, T., Simpson, L. J., Ferreira, A.-M. M., Seiler, C., Vendrame, E., Zhao, N., … Blish, C. A. (2020). Characterization of the Impact of Daclizumab Beta on Circulating Natural Killer Cells by Mass Cytometry. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, 714. -
The Innate Immune System: Fighting on the Front Lines or Fanning the Flames of COVID-19?
McKechnie, J. L., & Blish, C. A. (2020). The Innate Immune System: Fighting on the Front Lines or Fanning the Flames of COVID-19? Cell Host & Microbe. -
Treated HIV Infection Alters Phenotype but Not HIV-Specific Function of Peripheral Blood Natural Killer Cells.
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Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections display specific IgG Fc structures.
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A single-cell atlas of the peripheral immune response in patients with severe COVID-19.
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Cytokine profile in plasma of severe COVID-19 does not differ from ARDS and sepsis.
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Natural killer cell phenotype is altered in HIV-exposed seronegative women.
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Charge-altering releasable transporters enable phenotypic manipulation of natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy.
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Human B Cell Clonal Expansion and Convergent Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2.
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Mass Cytometry Analysis of the NK Cell Receptor-Ligand Repertoire Reveals Unique Differences between Dengue-Infected Children and Adults.
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Safety of ACE-I and ARB medications in COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study of inpatients and outpatients in California
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Proinflammatory IgG Fc structures in patients with severe COVID-19
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Defining the features and duration of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with disease severity and outcome.
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Profiling of the Human Natural Killer Cell Receptor-Ligand Repertoire.
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A historical perspective on ACE2 in the COVID-19 era.
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SARS-CoV-2 RNAaemia predicts clinical deterioration and extrapulmonary complications from COVID-19.
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Peginterferon Lambda-1a for treatment of outpatients with uncomplicated COVID-19: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
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Synthetic Siglec-9 Agonists Inhibit Neutrophil Activation Associated with COVID-19.
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SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia predicts clinical deterioration and extrapulmonary complications from COVID-19.
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Synthetic Siglec-9 Agonists Inhibit Neutrophil Activation Associated with COVID-19
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Integrated analysis of multimodal single-cell data.
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Multi-omic profiling reveals widespread dysregulation of innate immunity and hematopoiesis in COVID-19.
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Clinical characteristics associated with COVID-19 severity in California.
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Physical Properties of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Sputum
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Clinician Prognostic Scoring System Reveals COVID-19 Patients' Prognosis More Likely to Be Limited by Acute Illness Relative to Traditional ICU Patients
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The proximal proteome of 17 SARS-CoV-2 proteins links to disrupted antiviral signaling and host translation.
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Stereotypic Expansion of T Regulatory and Th17 Cells during Infancy Is Disrupted by HIV Exposure and Gut Epithelial Damage.
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Antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccines have reduced neutralizing activity against Beta and Omicron pseudoviruses.
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Innovative vaccine approaches-a Keystone Symposia report.
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The B.1.427/1.429 (epsilon) SARS-CoV-2 variants are more virulent than ancestral B.1 (614G) in Syrian hamsters.
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Association Between SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia and Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19.
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Early immune responses have long-term associations with clinical, virologic, and immunologic outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
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The B.1.427/1.429 (epsilon) SARS-CoV-2 variants are more virulent than ancestral B.1 (614G) in Syrian hamsters.
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Deep Phenotypic Analysis of Blood and Lymphoid T and NK Cells From HIV+ Controllers and ART-Suppressed Individuals.
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Natural Killer Cell Receptors and Ligands Are Associated With Markers of HIV-1 Persistence in Chronically Infected ART Suppressed Patients.
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Comparative analysis of cell-cell communication at single-cell resolution.
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The immunology and immunopathology of COVID-19.
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Gastrointestinal Perforation in a patient with Anti-nuclear Matrix Protein 2 Antibody Positive Dermatomyositis.
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Facile discovery of surrogate cytokine agonists.
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Detection of bacterial co-infections and prediction of fatal outcomes in COVID-19 patients presenting to the emergency department using a 29 mRNA host response classifier.
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TNF-alpha+ CD4+ Tcells dominate the SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell response in COVID-19 outpatients and are associated with durable antibodies.
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Broad-spectrum CRISPR-mediated inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 variants and endemic coronaviruses in vitro.
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Anti-nucleocapsid antibody levels and pulmonary comorbid conditions are linked to post-COVID-19 syndrome.
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Genome-wide bidirectional CRISPR screens identify mucins as host factors modulating SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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An intranasal ASO therapeutic targeting SARS-CoV-2.
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Phenotypes of disease severity in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients: Results from the IMPACC study.
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Programmable antivirals targeting critical conserved viral RNA secondary structures from influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2.
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Deconvoluting complex correlates of COVID-19 severity with a multi-omic pandemic tracking strategy.
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The human disease gene LYSET is essential for lysosomal enzyme transport and viral infection.
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SARS-CoV-2 infection drives an inflammatory response in human adipose tissue through infection of adipocytes and macrophages.
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CyTOF analysis identifies unusual immune cells in urine of BCG-treated bladder cancer patients.
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Early immune markers of clinical, virological, and immunological outcomes in patients with COVID-19: a multi-omics study.
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Using a 29-mRNA Host Response Classifier To Detect Bacterial Coinfections and Predict Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department.
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Cytometric analysis reveals an association between allergen-responsive natural killer cells and human peanut allergy.
Zhou, X., Yu, W., Dunham, D. M., Schuetz, J. P., Blish, C. A., DeKruyff, R. H., & Nadeau, K. C. (2022). Cytometric analysis reveals an association between allergen-responsive natural killer cells and human peanut allergy. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 132(20). -
Single-cell RNA-seq methods to interrogate virus-host interactions.
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SARS-CoV-2 escapes direct NK cell killing through Nsp1-mediated downregulation of ligands for NKG2D.
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Malaria-driven expansion of adaptive-like functional CD56-negative NK cells correlates with clinical immunity to malaria.
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Autoantibodies are highly prevalent in non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections and critical illness.
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Comparative analysis of cell-cell communication at single-cell resolution.
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Development of a Definition of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
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Inferring cell-cell communication at single-cell resolution
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A cytometric survey of immune cell populations reveals an association between allergen-responsive natural killer (NK) cells and human peanut allergy
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Defining the role of natural killer cells in COVID-19.
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Longitudinal clinical phenotyping of post COVID condition in Mexican adults recovering from severe COVID-19: a prospective cohort study.
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Uterine Natural Killer Cells Modulate Endometrial Growth and Persistence in Endometriosis
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Organoid modeling of lung-resident immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Autoantibodies targeting cytokines and connective tissue disease autoantigens are common in acute non-SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses Correlate with Resolution of RNAemia But Are Short-Lived in Patients with Mild Illness.
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Disrupted memory T cell expansion in HIV-exposed uninfected infants is preceded by premature skewing of T cell receptor clonality.
Dzanibe, S., Wilk, A. J., Canny, S., Ranganath, T., Alinde, B., Rubelt, F., … Gray, C. M. (2023). Disrupted memory T cell expansion in HIV-exposed uninfected infants is preceded by premature skewing of T cell receptor clonality. BioRxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology. -
Charge-altering releasable transporters enhance mRNA delivery in vitro and exhibit in vivo tropism.
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Features of acute COVID-19 associated with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 phenotypes: results from the IMPACC study.
Ozonoff, A., Jayavelu, N. D., Liu, S., Melamed, E., Milliren, C. E., Qi, J., … Rouphael, N. (2024). Features of acute COVID-19 associated with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 phenotypes: results from the IMPACC study. Nature Communications, 15(1), 216. -
IgM N-glycosylation correlates with COVID-19 severity and rate of complement deposition.
Haslund-Gourley, B. S., Woloszczuk, K., Hou, J., Connors, J., Cusimano, G., Bell, M., … Comunale, M. A. (2024). IgM N-glycosylation correlates with COVID-19 severity and rate of complement deposition. Nature Communications, 15(1), 404. -
Systems immunology of transcriptional responses to viral infection identifies conserved antiviral pathways across macaques and humans.
Ratnasiri, K., Zheng, H., Toh, J., Yao, Z., Duran, V., Donato, M., … Khatri, P. (2024). Systems immunology of transcriptional responses to viral infection identifies conserved antiviral pathways across macaques and humans. Cell Reports, 43(2), 113706. -
Pro-inflammatory feedback loops define immune responses to pathogenic Lentivirus infection.
Wilk, A. J., Marceau, J. O., Kazer, S. W., Fleming, I., Miao, V. N., Galvez-Reyes, J., … Blish, C. A. (2024). Pro-inflammatory feedback loops define immune responses to pathogenic Lentivirus infection. Genome Medicine, 16(1), 24. -
An orally bioavailable SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor exhibits improved affinity and reduced sensitivity to mutations.
Westberg, M., Su, Y., Zou, X., Huang, P., Rustagi, A., Garhyan, J., … Lin, M. Z. (2024). An orally bioavailable SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor exhibits improved affinity and reduced sensitivity to mutations. Science Translational Medicine, 16(738), eadi0979. -
Persistence and free chlorine disinfection of human coronaviruses and their surrogates in water.
Zhang, M., Leong, M. W., Mitch, W. A., Blish, C. A., & Boehm, A. (2024). Persistence and free chlorine disinfection of human coronaviruses and their surrogates in water. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, e0005524. -
NK Cell-Monocyte Cross-talk Underlies NK Cell Activation in Severe COVID-19.
Lee, M. J., de Los Rios Kobara, I., Barnard, T. R., Vales Torres, X., Tobin, N. H., Ferbas, K. G., … Blish, C. A. (2024). NK Cell-Monocyte Cross-talk Underlies NK Cell Activation in Severe COVID-19. Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950).
Clinical Trials
Clinical trials are research studies that evaluate a new medical approach, device, drug, or other treatment. As a Stanford Health Care patient, you may have access to the latest, advanced clinical trials.
Open trials refer to studies currently accepting participants. Closed trials are not currently enrolling, but may open in the future.
Practice Locations
SHC- Infectious Disease Palo Alto, CA
Palo Alto, CAImportant Information about Our Organizations and Physician Affiliation
Stanford Health Care, Stanford Health Care Tri-Valley, and Stanford Medicine Partners are each independent nonprofit organizations that are affiliated with but separate from each other and from Stanford University. The physicians who provide care at facilities operated by Stanford Health Care, Stanford Health Care Tri-Valley, and Stanford Medicine Partners are faculty, foundation, or community physicians who are not employees, representatives, or agents of Stanford Health Care, Stanford Health Care Tri- Valley, or Stanford Medicine Partners. Stanford Health Care, Stanford Health Care Tri-Valley, and Stanford Medicine Partners do not exercise control over the care provided by such faculty, foundation, and community physicians and are not responsible for their actions.
Referring Physicians
PHYSICIAN HELPLINE
Fax: 650-320-9443
Monday–Friday, 8 a.m.–5 p.m.
Stanford Health Care provides comprehensive services to refer and track patients, as well as the latest information and news for physicians and office staff. For help with all referral needs and questions, visit Referral Information.
You may also submit a web referral or complete a referral form and fax it to 650-320-9443 or email the Referral Center at ReferralCenter@stanfordhealthcare.org.
- Send referrals online
- Place radiology and lab orders
- View referral status
- Access medical records