Psychological factors in the genesis and management of nonepileptic seizures: clinical observations.
Prigatano, G. P., Stonnington, C. M., & Fisher, R. S. (2002). Psychological factors in the genesis and management of nonepileptic seizures: clinical observations. Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B, 3(4), 343–349.

Intracellular energy failure does not underlie hyperthermic spreading depressions in immature rat hippocampal slice
Wu, H., Takeo, T., Wakui, M., Ellsworth, K., & Fisher, R. S. (2003). Intracellular energy failure does not underlie hyperthermic spreading depressions in immature rat hippocampal slice. BRAIN RESEARCH, 987(2), 240–43.

PLACEBO-CONTROLLED PILOT-STUDY OF CENTROMEDIAN THALAMIC-STIMULATION IN TREATMENT OF INTRACTABLE SEIZURES
Fisher, R. S., Uematsu, S., Krauss, G. L., CYSYK, B. J., Mcpherson, R., LESER, R. P., … Rise, M. (1992). PLACEBO-CONTROLLED PILOT-STUDY OF CENTROMEDIAN THALAMIC-STIMULATION IN TREATMENT OF INTRACTABLE SEIZURES. EPILEPSIA, 33(5), 841–851.

Seizure-related motor vehicle crashes in Arizona before and after reducing the driving restriction from 12 to 3 months
Drazkowski, J. F., Fisher, R. S., Sirven, J. I., Demaerschalk, B. M., Uber-Zak, L., Hentz, J. G., & Labiner, D. (2003). Seizure-related motor vehicle crashes in Arizona before and after reducing the driving restriction from 12 to 3 months. MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS, 78(7), 819–25.

A blinded pilot study of artwork in a comprehensive epilepsy center population
Anschel, D. J., Dolce, S., Schwartzman, A., & Fisher, R. S. (2005). A blinded pilot study of artwork in a comprehensive epilepsy center population. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 6(2), 196–202.

ASSESSMENT OF SURGICAL OUTCOME
Lesser, R. P., Fisher, R. S., & Uematsu, S. (1992). ASSESSMENT OF SURGICAL OUTCOME. EPILEPSY RESEARCH, 217–229.

New routes for delivery of anti-epileptic medications.
Fisher, R. S., & Chen, D. K. (2006). New routes for delivery of anti-epileptic medications. Acta Neurologica Taiwanica, 15(4), 225–31.

Use of serum prolactin in diagnosing epileptic seizures - Report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American academy of neurology
Chen, D. K., So, Y. T., & Fisher, R. S. (2005). Use of serum prolactin in diagnosing epileptic seizures - Report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American academy of neurology. NEUROLOGY, 65(5), 668–75.

Can patients perform volitional motor acts at the start of a seizure?
Block, A., & Fisher, R. S. (1999). Can patients perform volitional motor acts at the start of a seizure? JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 16(2), 141–145.

Epilepsy surgery where there is dual pathology
Fisher, R. S., & Blum, D. (1999). Epilepsy surgery where there is dual pathology. LANCET, 354(9175), 267–268.

Raising the Bar on Seizure Control.
Fisher, R. S. (2000). Raising the Bar on Seizure Control. Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B, 1(4), 212–14.

Reassessment: Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy - A report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
Fisher, R. S., & Handforth, A. (1999). Reassessment: Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy - A report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. NEUROLOGY, 53(4), 666–669.

Gamma oscillation underlies hyperthermia-induced epileptiform-like spikes in immature rat hippocampal slices
Wu, J., Javedan, S. P., Ellsworth, K., Smith, K., & Fisher, R. S. (2001). Gamma oscillation underlies hyperthermia-induced epileptiform-like spikes in immature rat hippocampal slices. BMC NEUROSCIENCE, 2.

Rapid initiation of gabapentin - A randomized, controlled trial
Fisher, R. S., Sachdeo, R. C., Pellock, J., Penovich, P. E., Magnus, L., & Bernstein, P. (2001). Rapid initiation of gabapentin - A randomized, controlled trial. NEUROLOGY, 56(6), 743–748.

A pilot study of donepezil for memory problems in epilepsy.
Fisher, R. S., Bortz, J. J., Blum, D. E., Duncan, B., & Burke, H. (2001). A pilot study of donepezil for memory problems in epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior , 2(4), 330–34.

NEURORECEPTORS AND GLUCOSE-METABOLISM IN EPILEPSY AS STUDIED BY PET SCANNING
Fisher, R. S., Mayberg, H. S., Frost, J. J., Engel, J., Gale, K., Meyerhoff, J. L., & Avanzini, G. (1992). NEURORECEPTORS AND GLUCOSE-METABOLISM IN EPILEPSY AS STUDIED BY PET SCANNING. Presented at the WORKSHOP ON MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY OF EPILEPSY, SALVADOR,BRAZIL: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV.

Brain stimulation for epilepsy
Theodore, W. H., & Fisher, R. S. (2004). Brain stimulation for epilepsy. LANCET NEUROLOGY, 3(2), 111–18.

Electrical stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus for the treatment of intractable epilepsy
Kerrigan, J. F., Litt, B., Fisher, R. S., Cranstoun, S., French, J. A., Blum, D. E., … Graves, N. (2004). Electrical stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus for the treatment of intractable epilepsy. EPILEPSIA, 45(4), 346–54.

HIGH-FREQUENCY EEG ACTIVITY AT THE START OF SEIZURES
Fisher, R. S., Webber, W. R. S., Lesser, R. P., Arroyo, S., & Uematsu, S. (1992). HIGH-FREQUENCY EEG ACTIVITY AT THE START OF SEIZURES. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 9(3), 441–448.

Epileptic seizures and epilepsy: Definitions proposed by the International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE)
Fisher, R. S., BOAS, W. V., Blume, W., Elger, C., Genton, P., Lee, P., & Engel, J. (2005). Epileptic seizures and epilepsy: Definitions proposed by the International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE). EPILEPSIA, 46(4), 470–72.

Experimental Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Epilepsy.
Oommen, J., Morrell, M., & Fisher, R. S. (2005). Experimental Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Epilepsy. Current Treatment Options in Neurology, 7(4), 261–71.

NEURONAL DAMAGE AND EPILEPSY - BASIC AND CLINICAL INTERFACE
Fisher, R. S. (1991). NEURONAL DAMAGE AND EPILEPSY - BASIC AND CLINICAL INTERFACE. EPILEPSY RESEARCH, 10(1), 80–89.

Group therapy for patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A pilot study
Barry, J. J., Wittenberg, D., Bullock, K. D., Michaels, J. B., Classen, C. C., & Fisher, R. S. (2008). Group therapy for patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A pilot study. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 13(4), 624–629.

DOMINANT-SIDE INTRACAROTID AMOBARBITAL SPARES COMPREHENSION OF WORD MEANING
Hart, J., Lesser, R. P., Fisher, R. S., SCHWERDT, P., Bryan, R. N., & GORDON, B. (1991). DOMINANT-SIDE INTRACAROTID AMOBARBITAL SPARES COMPREHENSION OF WORD MEANING. ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY, 48(1), 55–58.

MAPPING THE DISTRIBUTION OF AMOBARBITAL SODIUM IN THE INTRACAROTID WADA TEST BY USE OF TC-99M HMPAO WITH SPECT
Jeffery, P. J., Monsein, L. H., Szabo, Z., Hart, J., Fisher, R. S., Lesser, R. P., … Camargo, E. E. (1991). MAPPING THE DISTRIBUTION OF AMOBARBITAL SODIUM IN THE INTRACAROTID WADA TEST BY USE OF TC-99M HMPAO WITH SPECT. RADIOLOGY, 178(3), 847–850.

CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM TOXICITY OF CYCLOSPORINE IN A RAT MODEL
Famiglio, L., Racusen, L., Fivush, B., SOLEZ, K., & Fisher, R. (1989). CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM TOXICITY OF CYCLOSPORINE IN A RAT MODEL. TRANSPLANTATION, 48(2), 316–321.

PLASMAPHERESIS AND GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME - ANALYSIS OF PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AND THE EFFECT OF PLASMAPHERESIS
McKhann, G. M., Griffin, J. W., Cornblath, D. R., MELLITS, E. D., Fisher, R. S., & Quaskey, S. A. (1988). PLASMAPHERESIS AND GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME - ANALYSIS OF PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AND THE EFFECT OF PLASMAPHERESIS. ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, 23(4), 347–353.

ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF KAINIC ACID-INDUCED EPILEPTIFORM ACTIVITY IN THE RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE
Fisher, R. S., & Alger, B. E. (1984). ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF KAINIC ACID-INDUCED EPILEPTIFORM ACTIVITY IN THE RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE. JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 4(5), 1312–1323.

EMERGING ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS
Fisher, R. S. (1993). EMERGING ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS. NEUROLOGY, 43(11), S12–S20.

MIRTH, LAUGHTER AND GELASTIC SEIZURES
Arroyo, S., Lesser, R. P., GORDON, B., Uematsu, S., Hart, J., SCHWERDT, P., … Fisher, R. S. (1993). MIRTH, LAUGHTER AND GELASTIC SEIZURES. BRAIN, 116, 757–780.

Abnormal benzodiazepine and zinc modulation of GABA(A) receptors in an acquired absence epilepsy model
Wu, J., Ellsworth, K., Ellsworth, M., Schroeder, K. M., Smith, K., & Fisher, R. S. (2004). Abnormal benzodiazepine and zinc modulation of GABA(A) receptors in an acquired absence epilepsy model. BRAIN RESEARCH, 1013(2), 230–40.

EPILEPSY
Fisher, R. S., & Frost, J. J. (1991). EPILEPSY. JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE, 32(4), 651–659.

Detection of seizure-like movements using a wrist accelerometer
Lockman, J., Fisher, R. S., & Olson, D. M. (2011). Detection of seizure-like movements using a wrist accelerometer. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 20(4), 638–41.

An online diary for tracking epilepsy
Le, S., Shafer, P. O., Bartfeld, E., & Fisher, R. S. (2011). An online diary for tracking epilepsy. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 22(4), 705–9.

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BASAL TEMPORAL LANGUAGE AREA IN PATIENTS WITH LEFT TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY
BURNSTINE, T. H., Lesser, R. P., Hart, J., Uematsu, S., Zinreich, S. J., Krauss, G. L., … GORDON, B. (1990). CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BASAL TEMPORAL LANGUAGE AREA IN PATIENTS WITH LEFT TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY. NEUROLOGY, 40(6), 966–970.

THE EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH INTRACTABLE COMPLEX PARTIAL SEIZURES
Lesser, R. P., Fisher, R. S., & Kaplan, P. (1989). THE EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH INTRACTABLE COMPLEX PARTIAL SEIZURES. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 73(5), 381–388.

PARENTERAL MAGNESIUM-SULFATE FAILS TO CONTROL ELECTROSHOCK AND PENTYLENETETRAZOL SEIZURES IN MICE
Krauss, G. L., Kaplan, P., & Fisher, R. S. (1989). PARENTERAL MAGNESIUM-SULFATE FAILS TO CONTROL ELECTROSHOCK AND PENTYLENETETRAZOL SEIZURES IN MICE. EPILEPSY RESEARCH, 4(3), 201–206.

DEPTH EEG STUDIES IN THE LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME
Fisher, R. S., & Niedermeyer, E. (1987). DEPTH EEG STUDIES IN THE LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME. CLINICAL ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY, 18(4), 191–200.

FAILURE OF HIGH-DOSE INTRAVENOUS MAGNESIUM-SULFATE TO CONTROL MYOCLONIC STATUS EPILEPTICUS
Fisher, R. S., Kaplan, P. W., Krumholz, A., Lesser, R. P., Rosen, S. A., & Wolff, M. R. (1988). FAILURE OF HIGH-DOSE INTRAVENOUS MAGNESIUM-SULFATE TO CONTROL MYOCLONIC STATUS EPILEPTICUS. CLINICAL NEUROPHARMACOLOGY, 11(6), 537–544.

Newer antiepileptic drugs as monotherapy: Data on vigabatrin
Fisher, R., Kalviainen, R., Tanganelli, P., & Regesta, G. (1996). Newer antiepileptic drugs as monotherapy: Data on vigabatrin. NEUROLOGY, 47(1), S2–S5.

PING-PONG SEIZURES
Fisher, R. S., Blum, D. E., Shetter, A., Ledin, K., & Archibald, J. (1995). PING-PONG SEIZURES. JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY, 8(1), 29–32.

Stereotactic laser ablation of the splenium for intractable epilepsy.
Ho, A. L., Miller, K. J., Cartmell, S., Inoyama, K., Fisher, R. S., & Halpern, C. H. (2016). Stereotactic laser ablation of the splenium for intractable epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior Case Reports, 5, 23–26.

The Revised Definition and Classification of Epilepsy for Neurodiagnostic Technologists.
Fisher, R. S., & Bonner, A. M. (2018). The Revised Definition and Classification of Epilepsy for Neurodiagnostic Technologists. The Neurodiagnostic Journal, 58(1), 1–10.

The 2017 ILAE classification of seizure types and the epilepsies: what do people with epilepsy and their caregivers need to know?
Brodie, M. J., Zuberi, S. M., Scheffer, I. E., & Fisher, R. S. (2018). The 2017 ILAE classification of seizure types and the epilepsies: what do people with epilepsy and their caregivers need to know? EPILEPTIC DISORDERS, 20(2), 77–87.

Instructionmanual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types
Fisher, R. S., Cross, J. H., D'Souza, C., French, J. A., Haut, S. R., Higurashi, N., … Zuberi, S. M. (2018). Instructionmanual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR EPILEPTOLOGIE, 31(4), 282–95.

Frequency-selective control of cortical and subcortical networks by central thalamus.
Liu, J., Lee, H. J., Weitz, A. J., Fang, Z., Lin, P., Choy, M. K., … Lee, J. H. (2015). Frequency-selective control of cortical and subcortical networks by central thalamus. ELife, 4, e09215.

2017 International League Against Epilepsy classifications of seizures and epilepsy are steps in the right direction.
Fisher, R. S., Cross, H., D'Souza, C., French, J. A., Haut, S., Higurashi, N., … Zuberi, S. (2019). 2017 International League Against Epilepsy classifications of seizures and epilepsy are steps in the right direction. Epilepsia.

Optimized SEEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis.
Fan, X., Shan, Y., Lu, C., An, Y., Wang, Y., Du, J., … Zhao, G. (2019). Optimized SEEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Seizure, 71, 304–11.

Patient awareness of seizures
Blum, D. E., ESKOLA, J., Bortz, J. J., & Fisher, R. S. (1996). Patient awareness of seizures. NEUROLOGY, 47(1), 260–264.

Titanium aneurysm clips .2. Seizure and electroencephalographic studies in implanted rabbits
Fisher, R. S., Ehsan, T., Smith, K., Lawton, M. T., Bichard, W. D., & Spetzler, R. F. (1996). Titanium aneurysm clips .2. Seizure and electroencephalographic studies in implanted rabbits. NEUROSURGERY, 38(6), 1165–1169.

Epilepsy from the patient?s perspective: Review of results of a community-based survey
Epilepsy from the patient?s perspective: Review of results of a community-based survey. (2000). Epilepsy and Behavior, 1.

An automated drug delivery system for the treatment of intractable focal epilepsy.
An automated drug delivery system for the treatment of intractable focal epilepsy. (2000). Epilepsy Research, 39.

Open label pilot study of oxcarbazepine for inpatients under evaluation for epilepsy surgery
Fisher, R. S., ESKOLA, J., Blum, D., Kerrigan, J. F., Drazkowski, J., & Duncan, B. (1996). Open label pilot study of oxcarbazepine for inpatients under evaluation for epilepsy surgery. DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH, 38(1), 43–49.

Sensitivity and specificity of video alone versus electroencephalography alone for the diagnosis of partial seizures
Chen, D. K., Graber, K. D., Anderson, C. T., & Fisher, R. S. (2008). Sensitivity and specificity of video alone versus electroencephalography alone for the diagnosis of partial seizures. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 13(1), 115–18.

ILAE Official Report: A practical clinical definition of epilepsy
Fisher, R. S., Acevedo, C., Arzimanoglou, A., Bogacz, A., Cross, J. H., Elger, C. E., … Wiebe, S. (2014). ILAE Official Report: A practical clinical definition of epilepsy. EPILEPSIA, 55(4), 475–82.

Neurostimulation for Epilepsy: Do We Know the Best Stimulation Parameters?
Fisher, R. S. (2011). Neurostimulation for Epilepsy: Do We Know the Best Stimulation Parameters? EPILEPSY CURRENTS, 11(6), 203–204.

Long-term efficacy and safety of thalamic stimulation for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.
Salanova, V., Witt, T., Worth, R., Henry, T. R., Gross, R. E., Nazzaro, J. M., … Fisher, R. (2015). Long-term efficacy and safety of thalamic stimulation for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. Neurology, 84(10), 1017–25.

The Personal Impact of Epilepsy Scale (PIES)
Fisher, R. S., Nune, G., Roberts, S. E., & Cramer, J. A. (2015). The Personal Impact of Epilepsy Scale (PIES). EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 42, 140–46.

Automatic Vagus Nerve Stimulation Triggered by Ictal Tachycardia: Clinical Outcomes and Device Performance-The U.S. E-37 Trial.
Fisher, R. S., Afra, P., Macken, M., Minecan, D. N., Bagic, A., Benbadis, S. R., … Najimipour, B. (2016). Automatic Vagus Nerve Stimulation Triggered by Ictal Tachycardia: Clinical Outcomes and Device Performance-The U.S. E-37 Trial. Neuromodulation , 19(2), 188–95.

Tracking generalized tonic-clonic seizures with a wrist accelerometer linked to an online database
Velez, M., Fisher, R. S., Bartlett, V., & Le, S. (2016). Tracking generalized tonic-clonic seizures with a wrist accelerometer linked to an online database. SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY, 39, 13–18.

The new definition and classification of seizures and epilepsy.
Falco-Walter, J. J., Scheffer, I. E., & Fisher, R. S. (2018). The new definition and classification of seizures and epilepsy. Epilepsy Research, 139, 73–79.

BRAIN STIMULATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY: WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE IN HUMANS AND ANIMALS?
Jobst, B. C., Velasco, F., Lado, F., Mogul, D. J., Boon, P., Lenck-Santini, P.-P., & Fisher, R. S. (2008). BRAIN STIMULATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY: WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE IN HUMANS AND ANIMALS? EPILEPSIA, 49, 176.

Debate: When does a seizure imply epilepsy?
Fisher, R. S., & Leppik, I. (2008). Debate: When does a seizure imply epilepsy? EPILEPSIA, 49, 7–12.

Therapeutic Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy
Lockman, J., & Fisher, R. S. (2009). Therapeutic Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy. NEUROLOGIC CLINICS, 27(4), 1031-?

SELECTIVE DEPRESSION OF N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE-MEDIATED RESPONSES BY DEXTRORPHAN IN THE HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE IN RAT
Cole, A. E., ECCLES, C. U., Aryanpur, J. J., & Fisher, R. S. (1989). SELECTIVE DEPRESSION OF N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE-MEDIATED RESPONSES BY DEXTRORPHAN IN THE HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE IN RAT. NEUROPHARMACOLOGY, 28(3), 249–254.

COMPLEX PARTIAL STATUS EPILEPTICUS ACCOMPANIED BY SERIOUS MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY
Krumholz, A., Sung, G. Y., Fisher, R. S., Barry, E., Bergey, G. K., & Grattan, L. M. (1995). COMPLEX PARTIAL STATUS EPILEPTICUS ACCOMPANIED BY SERIOUS MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY. NEUROLOGY, 45(8), 1499–1504.

CLINICAL AND ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE FOR SITES OF ORIGIN OF SEIZURES WITH DIFFUSE ELECTRODECREMENTAL PATTERN
Arroyo, S., Lesser, R. P., Fisher, R. S., Vining, E. P., Krauss, G. L., BANDEENROCHE, K., … Webber, R. (1994). CLINICAL AND ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE FOR SITES OF ORIGIN OF SEIZURES WITH DIFFUSE ELECTRODECREMENTAL PATTERN. EPILEPSIA, 35(5), 974–987.

Cerebellar and thalamic stimulation for epilepsy.
Krauss, G. L., & Fisher, R. S. (1993). Cerebellar and thalamic stimulation for epilepsy. Advances in Neurology, 63, 231–245.

CLOBAZAM, OXCARBAZEPINE, TIAGABINE, TOPIRAMATE, AND OTHER NEW ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS
Fisher, R., & Blum, D. (1995). CLOBAZAM, OXCARBAZEPINE, TIAGABINE, TOPIRAMATE, AND OTHER NEW ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS. Presented at the American-Epilepsy-Society Annual Course: New Developments in Antiepileptic Drug Therapy, NEW ORLEANS,LA: LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL.

The etiology and mechanisms of symptomatic acute seizures.
The etiology and mechanisms of symptomatic acute seizures. (2001). Neurologia, 16(Suppl 2).

Oxcarbazepine: double-blind, randomized, placebo-control, monotherapy trial for partial seizures
Oxcarbazepine: double-blind, randomized, placebo-control, monotherapy trial for partial seizures. (1999). Neurology, 52.

Epileptic seizures and epilepsy: Definitions proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE)
Fisher, R. S., Boas, W. V. E., Blume, W., Elger, C., Genton, P., Lee, P., & Engel, J. (2005). Epileptic seizures and epilepsy: Definitions proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE). AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE, 32(5), 249–252.

Conversion disorder
Stonnington, C. M., Barry, J. J., & Fisher, R. S. (2006). Conversion disorder. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, 163(9), 1510–17.

Electrical brain stimulation for epilepsy
Fisher, R. S., & Velasco, A. L. (2014). Electrical brain stimulation for epilepsy. NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY, 10(5), 261–70.

Early Surgical Therapy for Drug-Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy A Randomized Trial
Engel, J., McDermott, M. P., Wiebe, S., Langfitt, J. T., Stern, J. M., Dewar, S., … Kieburtz, K. (2012). Early Surgical Therapy for Drug-Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy A Randomized Trial. JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 307(9), 922–930.

Benefits of trigeminal nerve stimulation
Fisher, R. S. (2011). Benefits of trigeminal nerve stimulation. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 22(4), 615–16.

Frequency-selective control of cortical and subcortical networks by central thalamus
Liu, J., Lee, H. J., Weitz, A. J., Fang, Z., Lin, P., Choy, M. K., … Lee, J. H. (2015). Frequency-selective control of cortical and subcortical networks by central thalamus. ELIFE, 4.

Response to the numbering of seizure types
Fisher, R. S., Cross, J. H., D'Souza, C., French, J. A., Haut, S., Higurashi, N., … Zuberi, S. M. (2017). Response to the numbering of seizure types. EPILEPSIA, 58(7), 1300–1301.

Brain stimulation for epilepsy
Bergey, G. K., & Fisher, R. S. (2016). Brain stimulation for epilepsy. TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY, 4TH EDITION, 967–79.

Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Rapid versus Slow Cycling in a Laboratory Model
Fisher, R. S. (2016). Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Rapid versus Slow Cycling in a Laboratory Model. NEUROTHERAPEUTICS, 13(3), 590–91.

Untitled
Fisher, R. S. (2014). Untitled. EPILEPSIA, 55(8), 1153.

2017 International League Against Epilepsy classifications of seizures and epilepsy are steps in the right direction
Fisher, R. S., Cross, H., D'Souza, C., French, J. A., Haut, S., Higurashi, N., … Zuberi, S. (2019). 2017 International League Against Epilepsy classifications of seizures and epilepsy are steps in the right direction. EPILEPSIA, 60(6), 1040–44.

Classification as autonomic versus sensory seizures.
Fisher, R. S., Cross, H., D'Souza, C., French, J. A., Haut, S., Higurashi, N., … Zuberi, S. (2019). Classification as autonomic versus sensory seizures. Epilepsia.

Epileptogenic network of focal epilepsies mapped with cortico-cortical evoked potentials.
Guo, Z.-H. H., Zhao, B.-T. T., Toprani, S., Hu, W.-H. H., Zhang, C., Wang, X., … Zhang, K. (2020). Epileptogenic network of focal epilepsies mapped with cortico-cortical evoked potentials. Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 131(11), 2657–66.

Identification of seizure clusters using free text notes in an electronic seizure diary.
Werbaneth, K., Cramer, J. A., Bartfeld, E., & Fisher, R. S. (2020). Identification of seizure clusters using free text notes in an electronic seizure diary. Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B, 113, 107498.

BIPHASIC ACTION OF DEXTRORPHAN ON PENICILLIN INDUCED BURSTING IN RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE
ARYANPUR, J., Cole, A. E., ECCLES, C. U., & Fisher, R. S. (1990). BIPHASIC ACTION OF DEXTRORPHAN ON PENICILLIN INDUCED BURSTING IN RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE. BRAIN RESEARCH, 519(1-2), 65–72.

Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Comparison of Acetazolamide Versus Ibuprofen for Prophylaxis Against High Altitude Headache: The Headache Evaluation at Altitude Trial (HEAT)
Gertsch, J. H., Lipman, G. S., Holck, P. S., Merritt, A., Mulcahy, A., Fisher, R. S., … Zafren, K. (2010). Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Comparison of Acetazolamide Versus Ibuprofen for Prophylaxis Against High Altitude Headache: The Headache Evaluation at Altitude Trial (HEAT). WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE, 21(3), 236–43.

A CONTINUING CONTROVERSY - MAGNESIUM-SULFATE IN THE TREATMENT OF ECLAMPTIC SEIZURES
Kaplan, P. W., Lesser, R. P., Fisher, R. S., Repke, J. T., & Hanley, D. F. (1990). A CONTINUING CONTROVERSY - MAGNESIUM-SULFATE IN THE TREATMENT OF ECLAMPTIC SEIZURES. ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY, 47(9), 1031–1032.

Seizure diaries for clinical research and practice: Limitations and future prospects
Fisher, R. S., Blum, D. E., Diventura, B., Vannest, J., Hixson, J. D., Moss, R., … French, J. A. (2012). Seizure diaries for clinical research and practice: Limitations and future prospects. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 24(3), 304–10.

EPILEPTIC SEIZURE DISORDERS - DEVELOPMENTS IN DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY
Niedermeyer, E., Froescher, W., & Fisher, R. S. (1985). EPILEPTIC SEIZURE DISORDERS - DEVELOPMENTS IN DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY. JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, 232(1), 1–12.

AUTOMATIC EEG SPIKE DETECTION - WHAT SHOULD THE COMPUTER IMITATE
Webber, W. R. S., Litt, B., Lesser, R. P., Fisher, R. S., & Bankman, I. (1993). AUTOMATIC EEG SPIKE DETECTION - WHAT SHOULD THE COMPUTER IMITATE. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 87(6), 364–373.

ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC CHANGES DURING SIMPLE PARTIAL SEIZURES
Bare, M. A., BURNSTINE, T. H., Fisher, R. S., & Lesser, R. P. (1994). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC CHANGES DURING SIMPLE PARTIAL SEIZURES. EPILEPSIA, 35(4), 715–720.

Open label pilot study of oxcarbazepine for inpatients under evaluation for epilepsy surgery
Open label pilot study of oxcarbazepine for inpatients under evaluation for epilepsy surgery. (1998). Drug Development Research, 38.

Titanium aneurysm clips: part II - seizure and electroencephalographic studies in implanted rabbits
Titanium aneurysm clips: part II - seizure and electroencephalographic studies in implanted rabbits. (1996). Neurosurgery, 38.

Ictal tachycardia: The head-heart connection
Eggleston, K. S., Olin, B. D., & Fisher, R. S. (2014). Ictal tachycardia: The head-heart connection. SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY, 23(7), 496–505.

Electroencephalographic features of moyamoya in adults
Frechette, E. S., Bell-Stephens, T. E., Steinberg, G. K., & Fisher, R. S. (2015). Electroencephalographic features of moyamoya in adults. CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 126(3), 481–85.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of vigabatrin three g/day in patients with uncontrolled complex partial seizures
French, J. A., Mosier, M., Walker, S., Sommerville, K., Sussman, N., Barry, E., … Shinnar, S. (1996). A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of vigabatrin three g/day in patients with uncontrolled complex partial seizures. NEUROLOGY, 46(1), 54–61.

DOUBLE-BLIND CROSSOVER COMPARISON OF TEGRETOL-XR AND TEGRETOL IN PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY
Browne, T. R., MORRIS, H. H., Bourgeois, B., Erenberg, G., VanNess, P. C., Wyllie, E., … Lesser, R. P. (1995). DOUBLE-BLIND CROSSOVER COMPARISON OF TEGRETOL-XR AND TEGRETOL IN PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY. NEUROLOGY, 45(9), 1703–1707.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation directed to a seizure focus localized by high-density EEG: A case report.
Fisher, R., Zhou, J., Fogarty, A., Joshi, A., Markert, M., Deutsch, G. K., & Velez, M. (2018). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation directed to a seizure focus localized by high-density EEG: A case report. Epilepsy & Behavior Case Reports, 10, 47–53.

The Next Paradigm Change in EEG Recording: What Will it Mean for EEG Technologists?
Fisher, R. S., & Burdelle, M. E. (2018). The Next Paradigm Change in EEG Recording: What Will it Mean for EEG Technologists? The Neurodiagnostic Journal, 58(3), 140–42.

Operational classification of seizure types by the International League Against Epilepsy: position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology
Fisher, R. S., Cross, J. H., French, J. A., Higurashi, N., Hirsch, E., Jansen, F. E., … Zuberi, S. M. (2018). Operational classification of seizure types by the International League Against Epilepsy: position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR EPILEPTOLOGIE, 31(4), 272–81.

Intravascular stimulation of the motor cortex
Fisher, R. S. (2018). Intravascular stimulation of the motor cortex. NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, 2(12), 883–84.

How to get the answer to nearly everything: Using the internet for epilepsy research
Fisher, R. S. (2007). How to get the answer to nearly everything: Using the internet for epilepsy research. EPILEPSIA, 48(7), 1421–22.

A Comment on Driving and Neurologic Impairment
Fisher, R. S., & Drazkowski, J. F. (2017). A Comment on Driving and Neurologic Impairment. MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS, 92(9), 1326–27.

Bad information in epilepsy care
Fisher, R. S. (2017). Bad information in epilepsy care. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 67, 133–34.

Computational analysis of Seizure Clusters in electronic diary free text notes
Werbaneth, K., Cramer, J., Bartfeld, E., & Fisher, R. (2020). Computational analysis of Seizure Clusters in electronic diary free text notes. NEUROLOGY, 94(15).

Status epilepticus after intracranial neurosurgery: incidence and risk stratification by perioperative clinical features.
Jin, M. C., Parker, J. J., Zhang, M., Medress, Z. A., Halpern, C. H., Li, G., … Skirboll, S. (2021). Status epilepticus after intracranial neurosurgery: incidence and risk stratification by perioperative clinical features. Journal of Neurosurgery, 1–13.

Analysis of Deep Brain Stimulation Lead Targeting in the Stimulation of Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus for Epilepsy Clinical Trial.
Gross, R. E., Fisher, R. S., Sperling, M. R., Giftakis, J. E., & Stypulkowski, P. H. (2021). Analysis of Deep Brain Stimulation Lead Targeting in the Stimulation of Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus for Epilepsy Clinical Trial. Neurosurgery.

Epilepsy from the Patient's Perspective: Review of Results of a Community-Based Survey.
Fisher, R. S. (2000). Epilepsy from the Patient's Perspective: Review of Results of a Community-Based Survey. Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B, 1(4), S9–S14.

Cooling abolishes neuronal network synchronization in rat hippocampal slices
Javedan, S. P., Fisher, R. S., Eder, H. G., Smith, K., & Wu, J. (2002). Cooling abolishes neuronal network synchronization in rat hippocampal slices. EPILEPSIA, 43(6), 574–80.

Potential new methods for antiepileptic drug delivery
Fisher, R. S., & Ho, J. (2002). Potential new methods for antiepileptic drug delivery. CNS DRUGS, 16(9), 579–93.

The impact of epilepsy from the patient's perspective I. Descriptions and subjective perceptions
Fisher, R. S., Vickrey, B. G., Gibson, P., Hermann, B., Penovich, P., Scherer, A., & Walker, S. (2000). The impact of epilepsy from the patient's perspective I. Descriptions and subjective perceptions. EPILEPSY RESEARCH, 41(1), 39–51.

Hyperthermic spreading depressions in the immature rat hippocampal slice
Wu, J., & Fisher, R. S. (2000). Hyperthermic spreading depressions in the immature rat hippocampal slice. JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 84(3), 1355–1360.

The Postictal State: A Neglected Entity in the Management of Epilepsy
Fisher, R. S., & Schachter, S. C. (2000). The Postictal State: A Neglected Entity in the Management of Epilepsy. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 1(1), 52–59.

ANTERIOR CHEEK ELECTRODES ARE COMPARABLE TO SPHENOIDAL ELECTRODES FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF ICTAL ACTIVITY
Krauss, G. L., Lesser, R. P., Fisher, R. S., & Arroyo, S. (1992). ANTERIOR CHEEK ELECTRODES ARE COMPARABLE TO SPHENOIDAL ELECTRODES FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF ICTAL ACTIVITY. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 83(6), 333–338.

CYCLOSPORINE LOWERS SEIZURE THRESHOLD IN AN EXPERIMENTAL-MODEL OF ELECTROSHOCK-INDUCED SEIZURES IN MUNICH-WISTAR RATS
Racusen, L. C., McCrindle, B. W., Christenson, M., Fivush, B., & Fisher, R. S. (1990). CYCLOSPORINE LOWERS SEIZURE THRESHOLD IN AN EXPERIMENTAL-MODEL OF ELECTROSHOCK-INDUCED SEIZURES IN MUNICH-WISTAR RATS. LIFE SCIENCES, 46(14), 1021–1026.

FADE OF THE RESPONSE TO PROLONGED GLUTAMATE APPLICATION IN THE RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE
Cole, A. E., FFRENCHMULLEN, J. M. H., & Fisher, R. S. (1989). FADE OF THE RESPONSE TO PROLONGED GLUTAMATE APPLICATION IN THE RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE. SYNAPSE, 4(1), 11–18.

DIPEPTIDES OF GLUTAMATE AND ASPARTATE MAY BE ENDOGENOUS NEUROEXCITANTS IN THE RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE
Bernstein, J., Fisher, R. S., Zaczek, R., & Coyle, J. (1985). DIPEPTIDES OF GLUTAMATE AND ASPARTATE MAY BE ENDOGENOUS NEUROEXCITANTS IN THE RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE. JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 5(6), 1429–1433.

NO, MAGNESIUM-SULFATE SHOULD NOT BE USED IN TREATING ECLAMPTIC SEIZURES
Kaplan, P. W., Lesser, R. P., Fisher, R. S., Repke, J. T., & Hanley, D. F. (1988). NO, MAGNESIUM-SULFATE SHOULD NOT BE USED IN TREATING ECLAMPTIC SEIZURES. ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY, 45(12), 1361–1364.

DECREASED HIPPOCAMPAL MUSCARINIC CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR-BINDING MEASURED BY I-123 IODODEXETIMIDE AND SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY IN EPILEPSY
MULLERGARTNER, H. W., Mayberg, H. S., Fisher, R. S., Lesser, R. P., Wilson, A. A., Ravert, H. T., … Frost, J. J. (1993). DECREASED HIPPOCAMPAL MUSCARINIC CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR-BINDING MEASURED BY I-123 IODODEXETIMIDE AND SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY IN EPILEPSY. ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, 34(2), 235–238.

Assessment of vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: Report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
Fisher, R. S., Krauss, G. L., Ramsay, E., Laxer, K., & Gates, J. (1997). Assessment of vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: Report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. NEUROLOGY, 49(1), 293–297.

The postictal state: a neglected entity in the management of epilepsy
The postictal state: a neglected entity in the management of epilepsy. (2000). Epilepsy and Behavior, 1.

Nonepileptic seizures: Clinical case conference: Conversion disorder
Nonepileptic seizures: Clinical case conference: Conversion disorder. (2006). American Journal of Psychiatry, 163.

Direct electrical stimulation for epilepsy: The laboratory evidence
Graber, K. D., & Fisher, R. S. (2010). Direct electrical stimulation for epilepsy: The laboratory evidence. EPILEPSIA, 51, 86–86.

Deep brain stimulation for epilepsy.
Fisher, R. S. (2013). Deep brain stimulation for epilepsy. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 116, 217–34.

How Can We Identify Ictal and Interictal Abnormal Activity?
Fisher, R. S., Scharfman, H. E., & deCurtis, M. (2014). How Can We Identify Ictal and Interictal Abnormal Activity? Presented at the Workshop on Issues in Clinical Epileptology - A View from the Bench held in honor of Phil, WATSONVILLE,CA,CA,CA,CA,CA,CA,CA,CA,CA,CA: SPRINGER.

Diazepam prophylaxis for bicuculline-induced seizures: a rat dose-response model
Anschel, D. J., Ortega, E., & Fisher, R. S. (2004). Diazepam prophylaxis for bicuculline-induced seizures: a rat dose-response model. NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS, 356(1), 66–68.

Focally injected adenosine prevents seizures in the rat
Anschel, D. J., Ortega, E. L., Kraus, A. C., & Fisher, R. S. (2004). Focally injected adenosine prevents seizures in the rat. EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY, 190(2), 544–47.

Gender and age differences in expression of GABA(A) receptor subunits in rat somatosensory thalamus and cortex in an absence epilepsy model
Li, H., Huguenard, J. R., & Fisher, R. S. (2007). Gender and age differences in expression of GABA(A) receptor subunits in rat somatosensory thalamus and cortex in an absence epilepsy model. NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE, 25(3), 623–30.

RESECTION OF THE EPILEPTOGENIC AREA IN CRITICAL CORTEX WITH THE AID OF A SUBDURAL ELECTRODE GRID
Uematsu, S., Lesser, R., Fisher, R., Krauss, G., Hart, J., Vining, E. P., … GORDON, B. (1990). RESECTION OF THE EPILEPTOGENIC AREA IN CRITICAL CORTEX WITH THE AID OF A SUBDURAL ELECTRODE GRID. Presented at the 10TH MEETING OF THE WORLD SOC FOR STEREOTACTIC AND FUNCTIONAL NEUROSURGERY, MAEBASHI,JAPAN: KARGER.

Direct brain stimulation is an effective therapy for epilepsy
Fisher, R. S. (2011). Direct brain stimulation is an effective therapy for epilepsy. NEUROLOGY, 77(13), 1220–21.

DEXTROMETHORPHAN FOR TREATMENT OF COMPLEX PARTIAL SEIZURES
Fisher, R. S., CYSYK, B. J., Lesser, R. P., Pontecorvo, M. J., FERKANY, J. T., Schwerdt, P. R., … GORDON, B. (1990). DEXTROMETHORPHAN FOR TREATMENT OF COMPLEX PARTIAL SEIZURES. NEUROLOGY, 40(3), 547–549.

DICARBOXYLIC AMINO-ACIDS BLOCK EPILEPTIFORM ACTIVITY IN HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE
FFRENCHMULLEN, J. M. H., Murphy, T. H., Coyle, J. T., & Fisher, R. S. (1986). DICARBOXYLIC AMINO-ACIDS BLOCK EPILEPTIFORM ACTIVITY IN HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE. EPILEPSIA, 27(6), 678–684.

A FATAL OVERDOSE OF CARBAMAZEPINE - CASE-REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Fisher, R. S., & Cysyk, B. (1988). A FATAL OVERDOSE OF CARBAMAZEPINE - CASE-REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY-CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY, 26(7), 477–486.

DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS IN NONEPILEPTIC AND EPILEPTIC SEIZURE PATIENTS ON A TEST OF VERBAL-LEARNING AND MEMORY
Bortz, J. J., Prigatano, G. P., Blum, D., & Fisher, R. S. (1995). DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS IN NONEPILEPTIC AND EPILEPTIC SEIZURE PATIENTS ON A TEST OF VERBAL-LEARNING AND MEMORY. NEUROLOGY, 45(11), 2029–2034.

The selective GABA(B) antagonist CGP-35348 blocks spike-wave bursts in the cholesterol synthesis rat absence epilepsy model
Smith, K. A., & Fisher, R. S. (1996). The selective GABA(B) antagonist CGP-35348 blocks spike-wave bursts in the cholesterol synthesis rat absence epilepsy model. BRAIN RESEARCH, 729(2), 147–150.

Local perfusion of diazepam attenuates interictal and ictal events in the bicuculline model of epilepsy in rats
Eder, H. G., Jones, D. B., & Fisher, R. S. (1997). Local perfusion of diazepam attenuates interictal and ictal events in the bicuculline model of epilepsy in rats. EPILEPSIA, 38(5), 516–521.

The potential for vigabatrin-induced intramyelinic edema in humans: a review
The potential for vigabatrin-induced intramyelinic edema in humans: a review. (2000). Epilepsia, 41.

Neurology
Neurology. (1999). Reassessment: Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Epilepsy: a Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology, 53.

Ethical use of placebos and provocative testing in diagnosis of epilepsy
Ethical use of placebos and provocative testing in diagnosis of epilepsy. (1996). Neurology, 47.

Sensitivity and specificity of paired capillary prolactin measurement in diagnosis of seizures
Sensitivity and specificity of paired capillary prolactin measurement in diagnosis of seizures. (1996). Journal of Epilepsy, 9.

Photic- and pattern-induced seizures: a report by the Epilepsy Foundation of America Working Group
Photic- and pattern-induced seizures: a report by the Epilepsy Foundation of America Working Group. (2005). Epilepsia, 46.

Anti-voltage-gated-potassium channel antibodies can be associated with a variant of Rasmussen encephalitis
Anderson, C. T., Graber, K. D., & Fisher, R. S. (2007). Anti-voltage-gated-potassium channel antibodies can be associated with a variant of Rasmussen encephalitis. Presented at the 61st Annual Meeting of the American-Epilepsy-Society, PHILADELPHIA,PA: WILEY-BLACKWELL.

Stimulation of the medial septum should benefit patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
Fisher, R. S. (2015). Stimulation of the medial septum should benefit patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. MEDICAL HYPOTHESES, 84(6), 543–50.

Sensitivity and specificity of paired capillary prolactin measurement in diagnosis of seizures
Ehsan, T., Fisher, R. S., Johns, D., Lukas, R. J., Blum, D., & ESKOLA, J. (1996). Sensitivity and specificity of paired capillary prolactin measurement in diagnosis of seizures. JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY, 9(2), 101–105.

Memory and mood outcomes after anterior thalamic stimulation for refractory partial epilepsy
Troester, A. I., Meador, K. J., Irwin, C. P., & Fisher, R. S. (2017). Memory and mood outcomes after anterior thalamic stimulation for refractory partial epilepsy. SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY, 45, 133–41.

The New Classification of Seizures by the International League Against Epilepsy 2017
Fisher, R. S. (2017). The New Classification of Seizures by the International League Against Epilepsy 2017. CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS, 17(6).

Neuromodulation - science and practice in epilepsy: Vagus nerve stimulation, thalamic deep brain stimulation, and responsive neurostimulation.
Markert, M. S., & Fisher, R. S. (2018). Neuromodulation - science and practice in epilepsy: Vagus nerve stimulation, thalamic deep brain stimulation, and responsive neurostimulation. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 1–13.

DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR COMPUTERIZED EEG MONITORING
Lesser, R. P., Webber, W. R. S., & Fisher, R. S. (1992). DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR COMPUTERIZED EEG MONITORING. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 82(4), 239–247.

Subcortical control of cortical excitability
Fisher, R. S., Brown, L., & Gale, K. (2007). Subcortical control of cortical excitability. EPILEPSIA, 48, 410.

MANIA IN TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY
Lyketsos, C. G., Stoline, A. M., LONGSTREET, P., Ranen, N. G., Lesser, R., Fisher, R., & Folstein, M. (1993). MANIA IN TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY. NEUROPSYCHIATRY NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROLOGY, 6(1), 19–25.

SURGICAL THERAPY OF COMPLEX PARTIAL EPILEPSY
Fisher, R. S., & Uematsu, S. (1982). SURGICAL THERAPY OF COMPLEX PARTIAL EPILEPSY. JOHNS HOPKINS MEDICAL JOURNAL, 151(6), 332–343.

COMMENTARY: OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF EPILEPSY SURVEY
Fisher, R. S. (2014). COMMENTARY: OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF EPILEPSY SURVEY. EPILEPSIA, 55(11), 1688.

Peer-reviewed publication: A view from inside
Fisher, R. S., & Powers, L. E. (2004). Peer-reviewed publication: A view from inside. EPILEPSIA, 45(8), 889–94.

QUANTIFICATION OF MU-OPIATE AND NON-MU-OPIATE RECEPTORS IN TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY USING POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY
Mayberg, H. S., SADZOT, B., Meltzer, C. C., Fisher, R. S., Lesser, R. P., Dannals, R. F., … Frost, J. J. (1991). QUANTIFICATION OF MU-OPIATE AND NON-MU-OPIATE RECEPTORS IN TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY USING POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY. ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, 30(1), 3–11.

Methods for Measuring Seizure Frequency and Severity
Aghaei-Lasboo, A., & Fisher, R. S. (2016). Methods for Measuring Seizure Frequency and Severity. NEUROLOGIC CLINICS, 34(2), 383-?

CONVULSIVE SEIZURES AND STATUS EPILEPTICUS
Anderson, C. T., & Fisher, R. S. (2010). CONVULSIVE SEIZURES AND STATUS EPILEPTICUS. EPILEPSY AND INTENSIVE CARE MONITORING, 259–85.

Employment for People with Epilepsy. To the Editor.
Fisher, R. S., & Callanan, M. (2002). Employment for People with Epilepsy. To the Editor. Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B, 3(2), 203.

Neuromodulation - Science and Practice in Epilepsy: Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation, and Responsive NeuroStimulation
Markert, M. S., & Fisher, R. S. (2019). Neuromodulation - Science and Practice in Epilepsy: Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation, and Responsive NeuroStimulation. EXPERT REVIEW OF NEUROTHERAPEUTICS, 19(1), 17–29.

INTRODUCTION TO THE EXCITATORY AMINO-ACID SYSTEM
Fisher, R. S. (1991). INTRODUCTION TO THE EXCITATORY AMINO-ACID SYSTEM. EPILEPSY RESEARCH, 10(1), 3–8.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation directed to a seizure focus localized by high-density EEG: A case report
Fisher, R., Zhou, J., Fogarty, A., Joshi, A., Markert, M., Deutsch, G. K., & Velez, M. (2018). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation directed to a seizure focus localized by high-density EEG: A case report. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR CASE REPORTS, 10, 47–53.

A Pilot Study of Donepezil for Memory Problems in Epilepsy
Fisher, R. S., Bortz, J. J., Blum, D. E., Duncan, B., & Burke, H. (2001). A Pilot Study of Donepezil for Memory Problems in Epilepsy. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 2(4), 330–34.

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT): Seizure outcomes for refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Le, S., Ho, A. L., Fisher, R. S., Miller, K. J., Henderson, J. M., Grant, G. A., … Halpern, C. H. (2018). Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT): Seizure outcomes for refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B, 89, 37–41.

MOTOR AND SENSORY CORTEX IN HUMANS - TOPOGRAPHY STUDIED WITH CHRONIC SUBDURAL STIMULATION
Uematsu, S., Roberts, D. W., Lesser, R., Fisher, R. S., GORDON, B., Hara, K., … WEBBER, R. W. (1992). MOTOR AND SENSORY CORTEX IN HUMANS - TOPOGRAPHY STUDIED WITH CHRONIC SUBDURAL STIMULATION. NEUROSURGERY, 31(1), 59–72.

SANTE (Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus for Epilepsy) interim report
Fisher, R. S. (2006). SANTE (Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus for Epilepsy) interim report. EPILEPSIA, 47, 332.

What clinicians want to know from epilepsy researchers
Fisher, R. S. (2009). What clinicians want to know from epilepsy researchers. EPILEPSIA, 50(3), 364–67.

Brain stimulation for epilepsy: Pilot patient results and implementation of a controlled clinical trial
Graves, N. M., Lozano, A. M., Wennberg, R. A., Osorio, Wilkinson, S., Baluch, G., … Fisher, R. S. (2004). Brain stimulation for epilepsy: Pilot patient results and implementation of a controlled clinical trial. EPILEPSIA, 45, 148.

Selective changes in thalamic and cortical GABA(A) receptor subunits in a model of acquired absence epilepsy in the rat
Li, H., Kraus, A., Wu, J., Huguenard, J. R., & Fisher, R. S. (2006). Selective changes in thalamic and cortical GABA(A) receptor subunits in a model of acquired absence epilepsy in the rat. NEUROPHARMACOLOGY, 51(1), 121–28.

Serum prolactin in seizure diagnosis Glass half-full or half-empty?
Fisher, R. S. (2016). Serum prolactin in seizure diagnosis Glass half-full or half-empty? NEUROLOGY-CLINICAL PRACTICE, 6(2), 100–101.

DRIVING AND EPILEPSY - A REVIEW AND REAPPRAISAL
Krumholz, A., Fisher, R. S., Lesser, R. P., & Hauser, W. A. (1991). DRIVING AND EPILEPSY - A REVIEW AND REAPPRAISAL. JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 265(5), 622–626.

Final Comments on the Process: ILAE Definition of Epilepsy
Fisher, R. S. (2014). Final Comments on the Process: ILAE Definition of Epilepsy. EPILEPSIA, 55(4), 492–93.

Tracking epilepsy with an electronic diary
Fisher, R. S. (2010). Tracking epilepsy with an electronic diary. ACTA PAEDIATRICA, 99(4), 516–18.

An Unusual Case of Seizures and Violence
Fisher, R. S. (2008). An Unusual Case of Seizures and Violence. PUZZLING CASES OF EPILEPSY, 2ND EDITION, 309–12.

Tripolar concentric EEG electrodes reduce noise.
Aghaei-Lasboo, A., Inoyama, K., Fogarty, A. S., Kuo, J., Meador, K. J., Walter, J. J., … Fisher, R. S. (2019). Tripolar concentric EEG electrodes reduce noise. Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 131(1), 193–98.

Adjunctive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation delivers superior quality of life for focal epilepsy compared to anti-epileptic drugs: A meta-analytic utility prediction study.
Mahajan, U. V., Parker, J. J., Williams, N. R., Bhati, M. T., Ku, S., Grant, G., … Halpern, C. H. (2019). Adjunctive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation delivers superior quality of life for focal epilepsy compared to anti-epileptic drugs: A meta-analytic utility prediction study. Brain Stimulation.

Sounds of seizures.
Shum, J., Fogarty, A., Dugan, P., Holmes, M. G., Leeman-Markowski, B. A., Liu, A. A., … Friedman, D. (2020). Sounds of seizures. Seizure, 78, 86–90.

CAPILLARY PROLACTIN MEASUREMENT FOR DIAGNOSIS OF SEIZURES
Fisher, R. S., Chan, D. W., Bare, M., & Lesser, R. P. (1991). CAPILLARY PROLACTIN MEASUREMENT FOR DIAGNOSIS OF SEIZURES. ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, 29(2), 187–190.

PARAMETERS FOR DIRECT CORTICAL ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION IN THE HUMAN - HISTOPATHOLOGIC CONFIRMATION
GORDON, B., Lesser, R. P., Rance, N. E., Hart, J., Webber, R., Uematsu, S., & Fisher, R. S. (1990). PARAMETERS FOR DIRECT CORTICAL ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION IN THE HUMAN - HISTOPATHOLOGIC CONFIRMATION. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 75(5), 371–377.

Definition of the postictal state: When does it start and end?
Fisher, R. S., & Engel, J. J. (2010). Definition of the postictal state: When does it start and end? EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 19(2), 100–104.

Electrical stimulation of the anterior nucleus of thalamus for treatment of refractory epilepsy
Fisher, R., Salanova, V., Witt, T., Worth, R., Henry, T., Gross, R., … Graves, N. (2010). Electrical stimulation of the anterior nucleus of thalamus for treatment of refractory epilepsy. EPILEPSIA, 51(5), 899–908.

Experience and consensus on stimulation of the anterior nucleus of thalamus for epilepsy.
Fasano, A., Eliashiv, D., Herman, S. T., Lundstrom, B. N., Polnerow, D., Henderson, J. M., & Fisher, R. S. (2021). Experience and consensus on stimulation of the anterior nucleus of thalamus for epilepsy. Epilepsia.

Recurrent Seizures Related to Motor Cortex Stimulator Programming
Henderson, J. M., Heit, G., & Fisher, R. S. (2010). Recurrent Seizures Related to Motor Cortex Stimulator Programming. NEUROMODULATION, 13(1), 37–42.

What is a classification essay?
Fisher, R. S. (2010). What is a classification essay? EPILEPSIA, 51(4), 714–15.

Therapeutic devices for epilepsy
Fisher, R. S. (2012). Therapeutic devices for epilepsy. ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, 71(2), 157–68.

ANIMAL-MODELS OF THE EPILEPSIES
Fisher, R. S. (1989). ANIMAL-MODELS OF THE EPILEPSIES. BRAIN RESEARCH REVIEWS, 14(3), 245–278.

TILETAMINE IS A POTENT INHIBITOR OF N-METHYL-ASPARTATE-INDUCED DEPOLARIZATIONS IN RAT HIPPOCAMPUS AND STRIATUM
FFRENCHMULLEN, J. M. H., Lehmann, J., Bohacek, R., & Fisher, R. S. (1987). TILETAMINE IS A POTENT INHIBITOR OF N-METHYL-ASPARTATE-INDUCED DEPOLARIZATIONS IN RAT HIPPOCAMPUS AND STRIATUM. JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS, 243(3), 915–920.

1ST SEIZURE MANAGEMENT - RECONSIDERED - RESPONSE-II
Fisher, R. S. (1987). 1ST SEIZURE MANAGEMENT - RECONSIDERED - RESPONSE-II. ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY, 44(11), 1189–1190.

MU-OPIATE RECEPTORS MEASURED BY POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY ARE INCREASED IN TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY
Frost, J. J., Mayberg, H. S., Fisher, R. S., DOUGLASS, K. H., Dannals, R. F., Links, J. M., … WAGNER, H. N. (1988). MU-OPIATE RECEPTORS MEASURED BY POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY ARE INCREASED IN TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY. ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, 23(3), 231–237.

EXCESSIVE GLUTAMATE AS AN INHIBITOR OF EXCITATORY TRANSMISSION IN RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE
Bernstein, J., & Fisher, R. S. (1985). EXCESSIVE GLUTAMATE AS AN INHIBITOR OF EXCITATORY TRANSMISSION IN RAT HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE. NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS, 61(1-2), 19–24.

Driving and epilepsy.
Fisher, R. S., & Krumholz, A. (1988). Driving and epilepsy. Maryland Medical Journal (Baltimore, Md. : 1985), 37(10), 795–798.

ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION OF THE MAMILLARY NUCLEI INCREASES SEIZURE THRESHOLD TO PENTYLENETETRAZOL IN RATS
Mirski, M. A., & Fisher, R. S. (1994). ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION OF THE MAMILLARY NUCLEI INCREASES SEIZURE THRESHOLD TO PENTYLENETETRAZOL IN RATS. EPILEPSIA, 35(6), 1309–1316.

PRACTICAL LIMITS ON THE BIOMAGNETIC INVERSE PROCESS DETERMINED FROM INVITRO MEASUREMENTS IN SPHERICAL CONDUCTING VOLUMES
Hansen, J. S., Ko, H. W., Fisher, R. S., & Litt, B. (1988). PRACTICAL LIMITS ON THE BIOMAGNETIC INVERSE PROCESS DETERMINED FROM INVITRO MEASUREMENTS IN SPHERICAL CONDUCTING VOLUMES. PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY, 33(1), 105–111.

Epilepsy for the neuroradiologist
Fisher, R. S., Stein, A., & Karis, J. (1997). Epilepsy for the neuroradiologist. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY, 18(5), 851–863.

Bilateral temporal hypometabolism in epilepsy
Blum, D. E., Ehsan, T., Dungan, D., Karis, J. P., & Fisher, R. S. (1998). Bilateral temporal hypometabolism in epilepsy. EPILEPSIA, 39(6), 651–659.

ADVANCES IN EPILEPSY
Blum, D., & Fisher, R. S. (1994). ADVANCES IN EPILEPSY. CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY, 7(2), 96–101.

New antiepileptic drugs: Comparison of key clinical trials
New antiepileptic drugs: Comparison of key clinical trials. (1999). Epilepsia, 40.

Interictal and ictal activity in the rat cobalt/pilocarpine model of epilepsy decreased by local perfusion of diazepam
Interictal and ictal activity in the rat cobalt/pilocarpine model of epilepsy decreased by local perfusion of diazepam. (1997). Epilepsy Research, 29.

Neurostimulation for epilepsy, including a pilot study of anterior nucleus stimulation
Neurostimulation for epilepsy, including a pilot study of anterior nucleus stimulation. (2005). Clinical Neurosurgery, 52.

Measuring effects of antiepileptic medication on balance in older people
Measuring effects of antiepileptic medication on balance in older people. (2006). Epilepsy Research, 70.

EPILEPSY AND DRIVING - AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Fisher, R. S., PARSONAGE, M., Beaussart, M., Bladin, P., MASLAND, R., Sonnen, A. E. H., & Remillard, G. (1994). EPILEPSY AND DRIVING - AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE. EPILEPSIA, 35(3), 675–684.

Neurostimulation for epilepsy, including a pilot study of anterior nucleus stimulation
Neurostimulation for epilepsy, including a pilot study of anterior nucleus stimulation. (2005). Clinical Neurosurgery, 52.

Psychological factors in the genesis and management of nonepileptic seizures: clinical observations
Prigatano, G. P., Stonnington, C. M., & Fisher, R. S. (2002). Psychological factors in the genesis and management of nonepileptic seizures: clinical observations. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 3(4), 343–49.

Rehospitalization and emergency department use rates before and after vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: use of state databases to provide longitudinal data across multiple clinical settings.
Kalanithi, P. S. A., Arrigo, R. T., Tran, P., Gephart, M. H., Shuer, L., Fisher, R., & Boakye, M. (2014). Rehospitalization and emergency department use rates before and after vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: use of state databases to provide longitudinal data across multiple clinical settings. Neuromodulation , 17(1), 60–65.

Cognitive effects of resecting basal temporal language areas
Krauss, G. L., Fisher, R., Plate, C., Hart, J., Uematsu, S., GORDON, B., & Lesser, R. P. (1996). Cognitive effects of resecting basal temporal language areas. EPILEPSIA, 37(5), 476–483.

Redefining epilepsy
Fisher, R. S. (2015). Redefining epilepsy. CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY, 28(2), 130–35.

Anticonvulsant effect of anterior thalamic high frequency electrical stimulation in the rat
Mirski, M. A., Rossell, L. A., Terry, J. B., & Fisher, R. S. (1997). Anticonvulsant effect of anterior thalamic high frequency electrical stimulation in the rat. EPILEPSY RESEARCH, 28(2), 89–100.

Photic- and pattern-induced seizures: expert consensus of the Epilepsy Foundation of America Working Group
Photic- and pattern-induced seizures: expert consensus of the Epilepsy Foundation of America Working Group. (2005). Epilepsia, 46.

Use of an online epilepsy diary to characterize repetitive seizures
Fisher, R. S., Bartfeld, E., & Cramer, J. A. (2015). Use of an online epilepsy diary to characterize repetitive seizures. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR, 47, 66–71.

THE LONG-TERM SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF GABAPENTIN (NEURONTIN(R)) AS ADD-ON THERAPY IN DRUG-RESISTANT PARTIAL EPILEPSY
Oommen, K., Penry, J., Riela, A., Rowan, A., Rosenbaum, D., Schear, M., … Handforth, A. (1994). THE LONG-TERM SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF GABAPENTIN (NEURONTIN(R)) AS ADD-ON THERAPY IN DRUG-RESISTANT PARTIAL EPILEPSY. EPILEPSY RESEARCH, 18(1), 67–73.

GABAPENTIN AS ADD-ON THERAPY IN REFRACTORY PARTIAL EPILEPSY - A DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, PARALLEL-GROUP STUDY
Oommen, K., Penry, J., Riela, A., Rowan, A. J., Rosenbaum, D., Schear, M., … Handforth, A. (1993). GABAPENTIN AS ADD-ON THERAPY IN REFRACTORY PARTIAL EPILEPSY - A DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, PARALLEL-GROUP STUDY. NEUROLOGY, 43(11), 2292–2298.

Brain stimulation for epilepsy.
Theodore, W. H., & Fisher, R. (2007). Brain stimulation for epilepsy. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement, 97, 261–272.

Intraventricular administration of gabapentin in the rat increases flurothyl seizure threshold.
Intraventricular administration of gabapentin in the rat increases flurothyl seizure threshold. (2007). Neurosci Lett, 417(3).

Operational classification of seizure types by the International League Against Epilepsy: Position Paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology
Fisher, R. S., Cross, J. H., French, J. A., Higurashi, N., Hirsch, E., Jansen, F. E., … Zuberi, S. M. (2017). Operational classification of seizure types by the International League Against Epilepsy: Position Paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology. EPILEPSIA, 58(4), 522–30.

Vagus nerve stimulation magnet activation for seizures: a critical review.
Fisher, R. S., Eggleston, K. S., & Wright, C. W. (2015). Vagus nerve stimulation magnet activation for seizures: a critical review. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 131(1), 1–8.

How long for epilepsy remission in the ILAE definition?
Fisher, R. S., Acevedo, C., Arzimanoglou, A., Bogacz, A., Cross, J. H., Elger, C. E., … Wiebe, S. (2017). How long for epilepsy remission in the ILAE definition? EPILEPSIA, 58(8), 1486–87.

Optogenetic fMRI reveals distinct, frequency-dependent networks recruited by dorsal and intermediate hippocampus stimulations.
Weitz, A. J., Fang, Z., Lee, H. J., Fisher, R. S., Smith, W. C., Choy, M. K., … Lee, J. H. (2015). Optogenetic fMRI reveals distinct, frequency-dependent networks recruited by dorsal and intermediate hippocampus stimulations. NeuroImage, 107, 229–41.

Cortical Excitability, Synaptic Plasticity, and Cognition in Benign Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes: A Pilot TMS-EMG-EEG Study.
Baumer, F. M., Pfeifer, K., Fogarty, A., Pena-Solorzano, D., Rolle, C. E., Wallace, J. L., … Fisher, R. S. (2020). Cortical Excitability, Synaptic Plasticity, and Cognition in Benign Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes: A Pilot TMS-EMG-EEG Study. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society, 37(2), 170–80.

Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types
Fisher, R. S., Cross, J. H., D'Souza, C., French, J. A., Haut, S. R., Higurashi, N., … Zuberi, S. M. (2017). Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types. EPILEPSIA, 58(4), 531–42.

Anti-seizure therapy with a long-term, implanted intra-cerebroventricular delivery system for drug-resistant epilepsy: A first-in-man study.
Cook, M., Murphy, M., Bulluss, K., D'Souza, W., Plummer, C., Priest, E., … Abrams, D. (2020). Anti-seizure therapy with a long-term, implanted intra-cerebroventricular delivery system for drug-resistant epilepsy: A first-in-man study. EClinicalMedicine, 22, 100326.

High-Frequency Oscillations Recorded on the Scalp of Patients With Epilepsy Using Tripolar Concentric Ring Electrodes.
Besio, W. G., Martinez-Juarez, I. E., Makeyev, O., Gaitanis, J. N., Blum, A. S., Fisher, R. S., & Medvedev, A. V. (2014). High-Frequency Oscillations Recorded on the Scalp of Patients With Epilepsy Using Tripolar Concentric Ring Electrodes. IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine, 2, 2000111.

The SANTE study at 10 years of follow-up: Effectiveness, safety, and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy.
Salanova, V., Sperling, M. R., Gross, R. E., Irwin, C. P., Vollhaber, J. A., Giftakis, J. E., & Fisher, R. S. (2021). The SANTE study at 10 years of follow-up: Effectiveness, safety, and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Epilepsia.

Intravascular stimulation of the motor cortex.
Fisher, R. S. (2018). Intravascular stimulation of the motor cortex. Nature Biomedical Engineering, 2(12), 883–84.